In FPGA development, the design of the wiring for the UART interface, specifically the EIA/TIA-232 (commonly known as RS-232) interface, is crucial. A reasonable wiring layout not only enhances communication stability but also effectively reduces signal interference. Below are the key points for EIA/TIA-232 interface in FPGA UART development. 1. Signal Line Layout TX/RX Pair: … Read more
Part One: Design Guidelines for Mixed-Signal Circuit Boards The operation of analog circuits relies on continuously varying currents and voltages. Digital circuits operate by detecting high or low levels at the receiving end based on predefined voltage levels or thresholds, which corresponds to determining the logical states of “true” or “false”. Between the high and … Read more
Printed Circuit Board Comprehensive Design The comprehensive design of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is a complex process that involves multiple fields such as electronic engineering, materials science, thermodynamics, and signal integrity. 1. Preliminary Design Preparation 1. Requirement Analysis Functional Requirements: Division of circuit functional modules (power supply, control, communication, etc.) Performance Indicators: Operating frequency, … Read more
Introduction:Everyone knows that impedance should be continuous. However, as Luo Yonghao said, “In life, there are always times when you step in something unpleasant,” PCB design also has its moments of impedance discontinuity. What should we do? Characteristic Impedance Characteristic Impedance: Also known as “Feature Impedance”, it is not a DC resistance, but a concept … Read more
Drones consume a significant amount of energy during flight, especially for small devices. To address this issue, drone PCBA is designed to be more compact, denser, and faster, enabling more functions in a smaller space. Signal Integrity Issues in Drone PCBA From aerial photography to package delivery, drones are changing the way we live and … Read more
Printed Circuit Board Advanced PCB Design Advanced design of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) requires a combination of engineering practice, signal integrity analysis, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design, and manufacturing processes. The following are the core points and practical tips for advanced design to help you enhance the professionalism and reliability of PCB design. 1.High-Speed Signal and … Read more
In the field of PCB design, electronic engineers need to create reasonable routing layouts to enhance circuit performance and stability. However, many beginners lack experience and are prone to making mistakes in routing. Therefore, this article will share ten routing rules to help you avoid interference pitfalls and create better circuit boards! 1. Area Isolation: … Read more
When designing PCBs, there are many small details to pay attention to. Let’s see if you are a detail-oriented person. 1. When calculating the routing length, include the length of the vias and pads that the signal passes through. 2. During routing, avoid right angles and sharp angles that can cause signal reflections. Preferably use … Read more
PCB Circuit Advanced Schematic Design The advanced design of PCB schematics requires integration of engineering practices, signal integrity, design specifications, and advanced tool functionalities. 1.Modular and Hierarchical Design Modular Segmentation: Divide complex circuits into independent modules based on functionality (such as power supply, MCU, communication interfaces) for easier reuse and maintenance. Hierarchical Schematics: Use hierarchical … Read more
In the era of big data, the signal transmission rates of various devices, whether in data center solutions, automotive and industrial equipment, or everyday consumer electronics, are increasing at an unprecedented pace. For example, PCIe 6.0 has reached a transmission rate of 64Gbps; USB4 follows closely with a speed of 40Gbps; and the parallel bus … Read more