01IntroductionTime flies. When I first started working, I found that I had a lot to say about the topic of PCB. Perhaps over the years, I have encountered many things related to PCBs. From initially disassembling circuits to designing my own boards, from foreign AD to domestic Lichuang EDA, from double-layer boards to four-layer and … Read more
Safety distance requirements Including electrical clearance (spatial distance), creepage distance (surface distance), and insulation penetration distance. 1. Electrical clearance: The shortest distance measured along the air between two adjacent conductors or between a conductor and the surface of an adjacent motor housing.2. Creepage distance: The shortest distance measured along the insulating surface between two adjacent … Read more
1. PCB Protection Design Principles• Shielding Measures: Use metal enclosures, conductive coatings, or shielding covers to shield the equipment, reducing electromagnetic radiation and interference.• Grounding Design: Reasonably layout a low-impedance grounding network to avoid ground loop interference, ensuring the device grounding terminal is well connected to the earth.• Layout Optimization: Separate analog, digital, power, and … Read more
Modern vehicles are increasingly equipped with electronic devices, necessitating good design practices to meet the requirements of major electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. The rising levels of integration have also led automotive designers to urgently seek Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) and Application-Specific Standard Products (ASSPs) that can replace multiple discrete components. This article discusses some of … Read more
The key points and best practices for PCB layout design of Arduino open source hardware expansion boards.In the Arduino ecosystem, the PCB design of expansion boards (Shields) requires meticulous planning. This article will delve into the key technical points of PCB layout design for Arduino expansion boards, providing professional guidance for design engineers.1. Stacking Structure … Read more
In modern industrial control systems, the reliability of PCBs directly affects the stability and lifespan of the entire system. Industrial environments often face harsh conditions such as high temperatures, high humidity, vibration, and electromagnetic interference, which impose strict requirements on PCB design. This article will explore high reliability design methods for PCBs in industrial control … Read more
A good circuit board not only needs to achieve the functionality of the circuit design but also must consider electrical characteristics such as EMI, EMC, ESD (Electrostatic Discharge), and signal integrity. Additionally, mechanical structure and heat dissipation issues for high-power chips must be taken into account. On this basis, the aesthetic aspect of the circuit … Read more
GCC stands for the Gulf Cooperation Council. This council was established in May 1981 in Abu Dhabi, UAE, and its member countries include Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, the Sultanate of Oman, and the Kingdom of Bahrain. GCC certification refers to the certification requirements that must be met for specific products to … Read more
The potential difference generated by the Hall effect is very small, often only a few microvolts. Therefore, Hall sensors often have a built-in high-gain operational amplifier and may be combined with other system circuits based on overall requirements. The overall architecture is shown below. Typically, the final output signals from Hall sensors can be either … Read more