When using I2C, have you encountered the following issues: An I2C bus that communicates without issues, but adding a few slave devices causes communication problems. An I2C bus that communicates without issues, but adding a level shifting circuit results in poor communication. An I2C bus that communicates without issues, but adding an ESD protection TVS … Read more
Recently, while using the IO ports of STM32 for simulated SPI communication, I encountered a strange phenomenon: Normal Condition: 3.3V push-pull output, waveform is perfect Abnormal Condition: 3.3V to 1.8V, push-pull output with a 4.7K pull-up, SPI timing waveform distortion, data writing is abnormal Only after increasing the delay can the waveform return to normal! … Read more
Introduction The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a two-wire serial bus developed by PHILIPS for connecting microcontrollers and their peripheral devices. It is a widely adopted bus standard in the field of microelectronic communication control. It is a special form of synchronous communication, characterized by fewer interface lines, simple control methods, small device packaging, and … Read more
This article serves as an introduction. Online programming, integrating programming and testing, has garnered increasing attention. To enhance programming efficiency, programming fixtures or jigs are often created, and the connection between the fixture, jig, and programmer typically requires longer wiring. The longer the wiring, the faster the signal attenuation, which increases the programming failure rate. … Read more
—–This articleIntroduction—– Main content includes: Previous article:I2C Basics (Part 1) — Overview and Data Transmission This article focuses on: Electrical performance parameters and pull-up resistor calculation Reference: Official documentation and Chinese translation, reply in the background: I2C Follow the WeChat public account:Hardware Learning Notes Reply:Fan Group, to receive materials —– 正文 —– First like↓ then … Read more
A pull-up resistor connects a signal line to a fixed high level VCC, keeping the signal line in a high state when idle, which is known as a pull-up resistor. The pull-up resistors on a bus have different roles; for example, the pull-up resistors for I2C are determined by the internal structure of the I2C … Read more
It is common to see pull-up and pull-down resistors connected to the D+/D- lines of USB interfaces on some development boards, while others do not connect anything at all. This can be quite confusing. On the official USB protocol website, http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/usb20_docs/#usb20spec I checked the resistor_ecn document. First, the USB bus can have both idle and … Read more
When developing applications using MCUs, I/O ports are among the most commonly used peripheral functions, often considered the simplest functionality, merely representing the H/L state of input pins or controlling the H/L output of pins. However, due to differences in MCUs or the construction of I/O ports, it is still important to pay attention to … Read more
I2CIntroduction I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a short-distance, low-speed, two-wire serial communication bus introduced by Philips (NXP) in the 1980s. It is widely used in electronic devices due to its simple structure (requiring only the SDA data line and SCL clock line), low wiring costs, and support for multi-master and multi-slave communication. Its main application scenarios … Read more
1. I2C Protocol I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a serial communication bus, known in Chinese as the integrated circuit bus. It uses a multi-master/slave architecture and was designed by Philips in the early 1980s. Each device on the I2C bus can act as a master or a slave, but typically there is only one master device … Read more