1.What is aBSPEngineer? BSP, short for Board Support Package, refers to the software that provides support for a specific hardware platform. A BSP engineer is a technical professional responsible for the development, debugging, and maintenance of the board support package, which is a subfield of embedded software engineering.So, what is a board support package? It … Read more
1.What is a Block Device Driver A block device driver is used to operate storage devices such as hard disks. 1.1 Concept of Block Device DriversDevices that can randomly access fixed-size data chunks (1 block = 512 bytes) are called block devices. Block device files are generally used in a way that mounts a file … Read more
In the previous article, we introduced the driver code generated by the VS KMDF template, providing a preliminary understanding of the driver code. It should be evident that this driver is quite simple, essentially lacking any real functionality. After installing the driver we wrote, this PCIe device remains in the D0 state (if you are … Read more
The Windows WDF (Windows Driver Framework) is a driver development architecture introduced by Microsoft, designed to simplify the kernel driver development process and enhance system stability. WDF drivers are divided into KMDF (Kernel-Mode Driver Framework) and UMDF (User-Mode Driver Framework). KMDF provides an object-oriented interface for kernel-mode drivers, such as Device Objects, Queue Objects, Request … Read more
In the previous article, we introduced how to “write” a Windows PCI device driver from scratch. The term “write” is in quotes because we didn’t actually write any code; the driver code was generated using the KMDF template in Visual Studio. In this article, we will introduce the generated driver code. The first function to … Read more
1. Basic Concept of Labels In assembly language, a label is a symbolic name used to mark memory addresses. In 8086 assembly, there are two types of labels: Regular Labels: Represents only the address of a memory unit Labels with Unit Length: Represents not only the address but also implicitly includes the length information of … Read more
ret and retf Instructions <span>call</span> and <span>ret</span> are transfer instructions that control the program flow by modifying the IP (Instruction Pointer) or simultaneously modifying both the CS (Code Segment Register) and IP. These instructions are typically used together to implement the design of subroutines (functions). ret Instruction <span>ret</span> (return) instruction pops data from the stack … Read more
1. Problem Analysis We need to write a subroutine that displays a given byte of data in hexadecimal format at the center of the screen. One byte should be represented by two hexadecimal characters, corresponding to the high 4 bits and low 4 bits of the value. Key Points: Separate the high 4 bits and … Read more
1. Overview of CPU I/O Capabilities The CPU not only has computational capabilities but also needs to exchange data with external devices, a capability known as I/O (Input/Output) capability. Typical I/O operations in a computer system include: Keyboard input Display output Disk read/write Network communication, etc. 2. Two Core Issues in Peripheral Interaction 1. Peripheral … Read more
1. Abstract A single-chip microcomputer (Single-Chip Microcomputer) is a microcontroller that integrates CPU, RAM, ROM, timing, counting, and various interfaces into one. It is small in size, low in cost, powerful in function, and widely used in smart products and industrial automation. The 51 microcontroller is one of the most typical and representative microcontrollers. This … Read more