Protein Hydrolysis Targeted Chimeras (PROTAC) are bringing revolutionary changes to the fields of biology and medicinal chemistry. PROTAC consists of a target protein ligand, an E3 ligase ligand, and a spacer group[Unlike the linker used in antibody-drug conjugates, here we specifically use “spacer” instead of the commonly seen “linker” in PROTAC literature]. PROTAC structural composition … Read more
To deliver chemotherapy drugs more effectively, small molecule drug conjugates (SMDC), antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), and degrader-antibody conjugates (DAC) have been explored and developed, providing selective delivery while improving the therapeutic index. What are their similarities and differences? What are their respective advantages? What is the current state of research? What does the future hold? This … Read more
In electronic design, the layout and routing of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) and Digital-to-Analog Converters (DAC) are key factors affecting system performance. Proper routing can not only improve signal quality and reduce noise interference but also optimize the overall performance of the system. 1. Pre-define Routing Areas 2. Separate Analog and Digital Signals 3. Optimize the … Read more
Introduction Degrader-Antibody Conjugates (DAC) are a novel entity that combines the payload of Protein Degradation Targeting Chimeras (PROTAC) with monoclonal antibodies through a type of chemical linker (DAC =PROTAC + ADC). This article collects several examples of DAC from scientific and patent literature and documents specific challenges associated with DAC construction. Overall, these examples indicate … Read more
DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter) and ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) are essential components for converting between digital and analog signals, widely used in electronic systems for various applications such as digital signal processing, data acquisition, and control. So, do you know how to implement DAC and ADC? Methods for Implementing DAC 1. Resistor Network A resistor network is … Read more
Currently, there are 15 ADC drugs approved globally, among which 6 ADC drugs have been approved in China, namely Trastuzumab emtansine, Brentuximab vedotin, Trastuzumab deruxtecan, Vidofludimus, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, and Sacituzumab govitecan. This article provides a brief summary based on the currently approved ADC drugs worldwide, the types of tumors they are suitable for, and how … Read more
In the early 20th century, Paul Ehrlich first proposed the famous “magic bullet” theory, suggesting that drugs could be developed to specifically target pathogenic structures without harming normal tissues and cells. Subsequently, the concept of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) was introduced, combining the target specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the anti-tumor properties of cytotoxic molecules. After … Read more
As of now, the toxicity and prevention measures of ADC in solid tumors are known as follows: ① The indications for ADCs are rapidly expanding, gradually shifting from late-stage to early-stage, and from single therapy to combination strategies. ② The toxicity characteristics of most ADCs are similar to the cytotoxicity of their payloads. ③ Certain … Read more
▎This article is contributed by Ying’en Biotech (slightly edited) Since the first antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was approved for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in 2000, after more than twenty years of exploration and development, 14 ADC drugs have been successfully approved for clinical treatment of tumors. In August 2022, the FDA announced the accelerated … Read more
Introduction Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are comprised of monoclonal antibodies that target specific antigens linked to small molecule cytotoxic drugs via a linker, combining the powerful killing effects of traditional small molecule chemotherapy with the tumor-targeting properties of antibody drugs. Since the first ADC (Gemtuzumab-ozogamicin (trade name: Mylotarg)) was approved for the treatment of CD33-positive acute … Read more