Linux | Red Hat Certified | IT Technology | Operations Engineer
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Why Change Sources?
Due to network restrictions, accessing the official Ubuntu source from China is currently slow. Therefore, to improve download speed, it is recommended to change the Ubuntu source to a domestic mirror source.
Detailed Steps
Note: All steps below need to be executed in the terminal and can be run from any path.Must Read
Before changing sources, we must understand what version of the operating system we are using.
cat /etc/os-releaseAs you can see, my version is Ubuntu 22.04.
Note: The configuration file paths and commands may differ for different operating systems, please operate according to your operating system version.
Backup Existing Sources (Optional)
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakTo minimize modifications to the system configuration, we will first back up the system’s built-in sources.
This command will create a copy of sources.list in the /etc/apt directory and rename it to sources.list.bak.
Open Configuration File
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.listThere are various text editors available, I chose `nano` here.
Find the Corresponding Mirror Source
Taking Tsinghua Source as an example, first enter the Tsinghua University Open Source Software Mirror Station (https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/), as shown below:
Then search for ubuntu, as shown below:
Click on the first search result (i.e., ubuntu) ? (Note: Do not click on âubuntuâ), which will redirect to the following image:
The introduction section provides various version notes, including the paths for the software source configuration files (corresponding to the file paths in step 2) and solutions for old versions, as shown below:
After selecting the corresponding version, copy the mirror source as shown below:
For example, the mirror source for Ubuntu 22.04 is
# The source mirror for apt update speed is commented out by default. Uncomment if needed.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# The following security update source includes both official source and mirror station configuration. Modify comments to switch if needed.
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# Pre-release software sources, not recommended to enable
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverseNote: The mirror sources under each major version of the system are consistent (e.g., 22.04.1 and 22.04.2 are the same, but 22.01.1 and 20.01.1 are different)
If you are unsure about your system version, you can check it using the lsb_release -a command, where the code in Release is the major version code, as shown below:
Modify Configuration File to Mirror Source
Delete the existing content in the sources.list configuration file and replace it with the copied mirror source.
Update Package Index
sudo apt updateThis command will check if there are available updates for the installed packages and update the local package index repository.
Note: This command will not update any installed packages in the system. (It is equivalent to telling you how many packages can be updated, but not executing the update)
Upgrade Installed Packages (Optional)
sudo apt upgradeThis command will update all installed packages to the latest version. (Equivalent to executing the update)
Note: If the environment in the system is complex, this command may affect the system’s stability and compatibility, use with caution! (New systems can use it without worry)
Common Issues and Solutions
1. After following the steps, an error occurs when executing apt update after changing sources
This case is from a fan, as shown in the image below:
If the above issue occurs, please follow these three steps for troubleshooting:
Check if the mirror source has been changed to a different version
Execute cat /etc/os-release to check the system version, and verify if the mirror source you found is for that version.
Check if your machine can connect to the network
Check if you can normally open domestic webpages through your browser. If you see something similar to the image below, then the machine cannot connect to the network:
Please check for network issues on your machine.
If both of the above points are fine, please send me a private message, and I will try to reproduce and solve your issue.
Supplement
1. How to use Alibaba Cloud Source
Enter the Alibaba Open Source Mirror Station (https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/), as shown below:
Search for ubuntu, as shown below:
Click on the first one, which will redirect to the following image:
Similar to Tsinghua Source, the introduction section provides various version notes, including the paths for the software source configuration files (corresponding to the file paths in step 2) and solutions for old versions, which will not be repeated here.
Find the corresponding version number and copy the mirror source as shown below:
2. Summary of Common Mirror Station Links
Mirror Station Link
[Tsinghua Source] Tsinghua University Open Source Software Mirror Station https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/
[Alibaba Cloud Source] Alibaba Open Source Mirror Station https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/
[Netease Source] Netease Open Source Mirror Station http://mirrors.163.com/
[USTC Source] University of Science and Technology of China Open Source Software Mirror Station https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
Quick Version for Changing Tsinghua Source for Ubuntu 22.04
Backup Existing Sources (Optional)
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakOpen Configuration File
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.listChange Source
# The source mirror for apt update speed is commented out by default. Uncomment if needed.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# The following security update source includes both official source and mirror station configuration. Modify comments to switch if needed.
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# Pre-release software sources, not recommended to enable
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverseUpdate
sudo apt updateUpgrade (Optional)
sudo apt upgradeFor course inquiries, add: HCIE666CCIE
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