How are circuit boards made? The production process of PCB boards can be roughly divided into:
Printed circuit board—inner layer circuitry—lamination—drilling—plating through holes (first copper)—outer layer circuitry (second copper)—solder mask green paint—text printing—contact processing—shaping and cutting—final inspection and packaging.
So there are many devices involved; what equipment does PCB need? Generally, the production of PCB circuit boards requires the use of: film laminator, exposure machine, etching machine, AOI inspection and repair machine, punching machine, board fusion machine, laminating machine, targeting machine, edge milling machine, drilling machine, copper sinking line, electroplating line, green oil grinding line, front and back processing line, screen printing machine, surface treatment equipment, cutting machine, electrical testing machine, warpage machine. These are the main devices, and there are many auxiliary devices and instruments as well.
PCB Manufacturing Equipment
1. Pre-manufacturing Equipment for PCB
– PCB electronic film developer, fixer
– Automatic punching machine – developer, electroplating, etching, stripping machines
2. Mechanical Processing Equipment for PCB
– Vacuum laminating machine
– PCB substrate grinding machine
– PCB forming machine
– PCB inner layer fusion machine
– Fully automatic alignment fusion machine
– PCB laminating machine
3. Electroplating/Wet Process Equipment
– Developing, etching, stripping – chemical nickel gold production line – PCB assembly production line
4. Screen Printing/Dry Process Equipment
– Various UV curing machines – precision hot air ovens – human-machine interface UV curing machines – CM-650 type board cleaning machine – FZJ-60J/FZJ-80J/FZJ-90J vertical screen printing machines
5. PCB Testing/Quality Control Equipment
– CMI900X fluorescent plating thickness gauge – CMI563 surface copper thickness tester – HOLINK precision type (ventilated) high temperature testing machine – HOLINK large constant temperature and humidity testing room – WALCHEM chemical nickel automatic addition controller – COMPACT ECO-PCB type X-ray fluorescent plating thickness gauge – test fixture testing rack – SWET-2100e solderability tester – Golden Point Electronics high voltage testing machine
6. PCB/SMT Soldering and Installation Equipment
– Lead-free all stainless steel semi-automatic solder dross recovery machine – fully automatic spray second-hand wave soldering – wave soldering converted to lead-free service
7. Other Electronic Equipment
– PCB ink stirring equipment – bidirectional rotating ink stirring machine – circuit board drilling wooden pads and aluminum sheets – PCB ink stirring machine – solder dross recovery machine
What Auxiliary Equipment is Needed for PCB Manufacturing?
In the PCB manufacturing process, there are many production devices, including placement equipment, solder paste printing equipment, reflow soldering, wave soldering, and other production equipment. There are also inspection devices such as AOI, offline AOI, X-RAY, etc. In addition to these large production devices, there are also many auxiliary devices to complete the PCB manufacturing process.
There are many auxiliary devices on the production line, let’s understand them together. For example:
1. Smoke purification systems used to remove harmful gases such as flux volatiles from the working environment;
2. Refrigerators for storing solder paste, adhesive, and other materials;
3. Solder paste stirrers to bring solder paste back to room temperature through stirring;
4. Solder paste viscosity testers and solder paste thickness testers, drying storage boxes for moisture-sensitive SMD components;
5. Ovens for dehumidifying moisture-sensitive SMD components;
6. Anti-static facilities and measuring instruments;
7. Sufficient anti-static turnover boxes and logistics carts, feeder racks;
8. If the product includes panelized boards, a cutting machine for cutting PCBs should also be configured, and manually counting small components can be troublesome; PCB manufacturers may also purchase material counting machines and other auxiliary production equipment.
Additionally, the auxiliary equipment and materials for the PCB manufacturing production line should be configured according to the specific situation of the product.
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