01Basic UnderstandingModel:HS-S21PName:Tilt SensorSeries:SensorDescription:This is a device used to detect the tilt angle or posture changes of an object. It contains tilt-sensitive components (such as ball switches or MEMS accelerometers) that convert the tilt state into electrical signals by sensing the direction of gravity or inertial changes, providing devices with “posture awareness” capabilities.Usage Scenarios:For example, tilt-controlled racing cars use tilt sensors to sense hand movements to control toy steering(Smart Toys), assist two-wheeled robots in maintaining upright positions by detecting tilt angles and adjusting motor speeds(Robot Balance), and tilt alarm devices that trigger alarms when equipment (such as water heaters or shelves) tilts beyond a threshold(Safety Devices), etc.; aligns withAI education for primary and secondary schools, in accordance with“Guidelines for General AI Education in Primary and Secondary Schools (2025 Edition),” by building projects like “Tilt-Controlled Cars” and “Balance Robots” to cultivate students’ practical abilities in motion state perception and automated control.Subject Integration:Physics, Mathematics, Labor, Information TechnologyEthical Education:Discuss the impact of sensor misjudgment (such as tilt mis-detection caused by vibrations) on equipment safety (e.g., sudden tipping of robots); analyze the technical limitations and usage responsibilities of tilt sensors in assistive devices for the disabled (such as smart wheelchairs); explore the privacy boundaries of motion state data collection (e.g., inferring user behavior through tilt angles).

02Technical Parameters

Mechanical Trigger:The internal ball of the sensor rolls with the tilt of the device, contacting the electrodes to close the circuit, outputting a low level; when the tilt angle returns, the ball resets, the circuit opens, and outputs a high level.;Electronic Detection:By using micro-electromechanical systems to sense changes in gravitational components, the tilt angle is converted into a voltage signal, which is processed to output an analog signal (linearly varying with angle) and a digital signal (threshold-triggered);

Parameter Analysis:

G(GND): Power input negative/ground

V(VCC): Power input positive/positive

S(Signal):Signal output interfaceDetection angle range: ±10°-±60° (mechanical type); 0°-360° (MEMS type)

Response time: ≤10ms (mechanical type); ≤5ms (MEMS type)03Code Example

The link pin is digital pin 3.

Note: Students should pay attention to the status light of the device.

04Safety Measures

1.Always disconnect power when wiring, confirm the polarity of VCC and GND, reverse connection can cause internal circuit damage.;

2.Avoid powering mechanical sensors under high-frequency vibrations to prevent contact wear and failure.;

3.Operating temperature range -20℃~60℃, avoid using in high temperature or humid environments (to prevent internal components from rusting).;4.Avoid strong magnetic fields to prevent interference with MEMS sensors.;5.Mechanical sensors should not be dropped violently to prevent the ball from jamming or the casing from being damaged.;6.During debugging, avoid exceeding the maximum detection angle to prevent permanent damage to the sensor.;7.Do not place liquids on the desktop to prevent them from seeping into the sensor and causing a short circuit..05Expansion

Students can add an LED light; if the device remains level, the light is green; otherwise, it is red.

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