Embedded Development in C: SPI Communication Protocol Introduction The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a synchronous serial communication protocol widely used for high-speed data transfer between microcontrollers and various peripherals. It was introduced by Motorola in the 1980s and has been widely adopted due to its simplicity, flexibility, and efficiency. SPI is typically used to … Read more
Reply with “Embedded Base” to get more learning materials for free When writing code, we assign an initial value to variables to prevent uncertainty in their initial values due to the <span>compiler</span>. For numeric type variables, they are often initialized to 0, but how should other types of variables, such as <span>char</span>, <span>pointer</span>, etc., be … Read more
This section introduces the basic knowledge of microcontroller programming, following the previous discussions on why C language is used for microcontroller programming and the programming environments required. The first topic to cover is bitwise operations. Bitwise operations are very common when configuring the registers of a microcontroller. For example, when configuring a GPIO of a … Read more
In C51 microcontroller development, the C language is an essential skill, and operators are the core part of C language—they manipulate data, optimize hardware operations, and can even directly affect program efficiency! Today, we bring you a comprehensive guide to C51 operators, teaching you to master these key knowledge points step by step. This article … Read more
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Comprehensive Guide to C Language Unions: Differences Between Unions and Structures In the C language, a union and a structure are two important data types used to store different types of data. This article will detail their basic concepts, usage, and explain the differences between them. 1. Structure (Struct) 1. What is a Structure? A … Read more
Follow+Star Public Account, don’t miss out on exciting content Source | Technology Makes Dreams Greater Recently, I encountered the issue of byte high-low bit conversion in a protocol, so I lazily searched online and found a similar problem, and learned a new term called butterfly swapping. The protocol requires that the low byte is on … Read more
A few months ago, I had a pleasant lunch in Baltimore with two young entrepreneurs who had recently graduated from the Computer Science department at Johns Hopkins University and started a rapidly growing consulting company. Their company specializes in writing web-centric database software using a language known as Ruby on Rails (also referred to as … Read more
I am Lao Wen, an embedded engineer who loves learning. Follow me, and let's become better together! The state machine pattern is a behavioral pattern that effectively implements state transitions through polymorphism. Unfortunately, in embedded environments, we often have to write pure C code, and we also need to consider reentrancy and multitasking requests, which … Read more
1 Object-Oriented C Object-oriented languages are closer to human thinking patterns, significantly reducing code complexity while enhancing code readability and maintainability. Traditional C code can also be designed to be readable, maintainable, and of lower complexity. This article will illustrate this through a practical example. 2 Basic Knowledge 2.1 Structures In addition to providing basic … Read more