1、CANopen in the ISO Layer Structure From the perspective of the OSI 7-layer network model, the CAN (Controller Area Network) fieldbus only defines the 1st layer (Physical Layer, see ISO11898-2 standard) and the 2nd layer (Data Link Layer, see ISO11898-1 standard); in actual design, these two layers are entirely implemented by hardware, and designers do … Read more
CANopen is a high-level protocol based on CAN, which is widely used in various automation control systems. CANopen networks use twisted pair cables to transmit differential signals, but factors such as poor electromagnetic environment, non-standard wiring, and unreliable grounding in domestic industrial sites can directly affect communication quality and interfere with bus operation. To ensure … Read more
1 A weight instrument supporting the Modbus protocol A weight instrument supporting the Modbus protocol 2 Set the communication parameters of the instrument You can adjust according to your requirements, as long as it is consistent with the PLC side. Baud rate: 9600 Data format: 8n1: 8 data bits / no parity bit Communication method: … Read more
Introduction Modbus was developed byMODICONin 1979 and is a standard forindustrial fieldbus protocol. In 1996, Schneider Electric launched the Modbus protocol based on Ethernet TCP/IP: Modbus TCP. The Modbus protocol is an application layer messaging protocol that includes three types of messages: ASCII, RTU, and TCP. The standard physical layer interfaces for Modbus protocol include … Read more
Follow the “Automation Control System Communication” public account to understand the principles of automation control systems and master the knowledge of automation control systems. Click the blue “Automation Control System Communication” above to follow us. Understanding what the Modbus communication protocol is allows you to perform communication tests on-site using various third-party software. The Modbus … Read more
Hello everyone, today I want to share a super useful debugging tool – the Python extension for GDB! As a Python developer, debugging code is an essential skill. By combining GDB with Python scripts, we can make debugging smarter and more efficient. Let’s explore this powerful debugging tool together! What is GDB-Python? GDB-Python is a … Read more
Introduction to Make: Project Manager, as the name suggests, refers to managing multiple files The Make project manager is essentially an “automated compilation manager“. Here, “automated” means it can automatically detect updated files based on file timestamps to reduce compilation workload. It performs a large amount of compilation work by reading the contents of the … Read more
1. Why do Makefiles exist? In software or chip development, Makefile is generally used. It is a text file that contains instructions on how to compile and link programs. Makefile is used by the make tool, which is an automation build tool that can automatically execute the compilation and linking process based on the instructions … Read more
I looked at my article inventory, and it seems I don’t have an article about Makefile, so this one can fill that gap. Makefile Predefined Variables Predefined variables are system-provided variables. Predefined Variable Function AR Name of the library file maintenance program, default is ar AS Name of the assembler program, default is as CC … Read more
<span>Makefile</span> is a tool used for automating the build and management of projects, widely used in C/C++ projects but also applicable to other languages and tasks. It describes how to generate target files (such as executables, library files, etc.) from source code by defining rules. 1. Getting Started: Basic Concepts and Simple Examples 1.1 What … Read more