Introduction Recently, I shared the PCBA of Bosch’s second-generation water pump, which seemed to be quite popular. Interested friends can click the link below to go directly to it.Comparison of New and Old Generations of Bosch Automotive Electronic Water Pump PCB I happen to have a blower board that I obtained from the second-hand market. … Read more
Detailed Steps for Replacing ISE Electrodes If the electrode exceeds its valid period or usage time: potassium sodium chloride for 2 months, reference for 6 months, or if the results are unstable, the electrodes need to be replaced. This process is divided into three parts: Replace K, Na, Cl electrodes Replace the new reference electrode … Read more
Timing constraints are the requirements and expectations we have for FPGA designs, for example, we hope the FPGA design can operate at what clock frequency, etc. Therefore, before the timing analysis tools begin to analyze our FPGA design, we must provide relevant timing constraint information. In the section on Timing Analysis Principles, we introduced many … Read more
A common high-speed PCB design rule is to track the return current path of signals. In reality, this is much easier said than done, as the return paths for fast digital signals and even medium-frequency analog signals are largely confined beneath the traces. At very low frequencies or under direct current (DC), the return path … Read more
Recently, I have seen many popular articles using 50-ohm coaxial cables to measure power supply ripple, various styles, and impressive content. I finally took the time to research related articles and would like to share some personal recommendations for measuring ripple & noise with an oscilloscope in my work.When testing power supply waveforms, we often … Read more
The PMU is the power management unit responsible for supplying power to the SOC, regulating voltage and current to ensure that various modules operate normally. Power integrity ensures that the Power Distribution Network (PDN) can provide stable and clean voltage and current, avoiding noise interference with the normal operation of the SOC. So what exactly … Read more
Many people are often confused by the proprietary terms in mobile phone specifications when purchasing a phone, not knowing what they actually mean. Today, we will unveil some common mobile phone parameter abbreviations. I hope this is useful for beginners. 1. Pixel Density Unit PPI The pixel density unit PPI, also known as image sampling … Read more
The accuracy of the signal chain is a key performance metric for converters. Undoubtedly, the quality of the power supply in circuit design plays a crucial role in the accuracy. Generally, power supply quality is measured by the level of noise, and the topology and architecture of the power supply are closely related to power … Read more
Three-Axis High Sensitivity Ensuring Automotive Safety With the rapid development of the automotive industry, people are increasingly focusing on the comfort of driving and riding, where a quiet cabin has become a key factor for a relaxed and enjoyable driving experience. However, the power systems of electric vehicles tend to be quieter, making the noise … Read more