The Competition Between NB-IoT and LoRa Resumes, This Time the ‘Battlefield’ is in the Sky

Author: Zhao Xiaofei Internet of Things Think Tank Original Ten years ago, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) entered the industry’s view, initiating a competitive landscape. Although various technologies emerged, the 3GPP camp and the LoRa camp ultimately dominated, covering most low-power wide-area connection scenarios. The former includes representative technologies such as NB-IoT and LTE-M, … Read more

A Comprehensive Guide to the ModBus Communication Protocol

Why does industrial automation need a “language”? With the advent of Industry 4.0, various automated factories have emerged, where different machines collaborate to perform high-intensity tasks with minimal errors. So how do these numerous industrial devices “understand” each other’s language? When a conveyor belt transports materials to a loading point, how does the gripper hear … Read more

Why Modbus RTU Always Appears with RS-485?

In the field of industrial communication, Modbus RTU and RS-485 are often mentioned together. Many people mistakenly believe they are the same thing, but in reality, these two concepts are entirely different; they are simply used in close conjunction in industrial control. What is RS-485? RS-485 is a physical layer communication standard that defines how … Read more

JTAG Debugging – GDB Example

OpenOCD is used to drive the JTAG interface, typically in conjunction with GDB for code execution debugging. The usage of GDB is fundamentally no different from its use in other contexts.Some debugging techniques for GDB: Advanced Usage of GDBThere are two ways to start GDB and interact with OpenOCD: GDB communicates with OpenOCD over TCP … Read more

JTAG Debugging – Infineon Aurix Chips

Infineon AURIX TC3xx (or TC2xx) series chips include the corresponding Triboard development board, and the official JTAG hardware box is miniWiggler, which also contains the FTDI USB2JTAG chip:Although it is an FTDI chip, it does not work with the open-source openocd, which is used by the FlysWattery hardware box. The corresponding software provided by Infineon … Read more

Understanding GCC Certification: The Key to Cross-Border Sellers in the U.S.

1. What is GCC Certification and Why is it Important? The General Certificate of Conformity (GCC) is a mandatory safety certification established by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) for non-children’s products. It certifies that the product complies with U.S. federal consumer product safety regulations and serves as a “passport” for entering the U.S. … Read more

Exploring the Future: The Pinnacle Showdown Between GCC and LLVM in Rust Code Compilation

The Rust compiler is renowned for its ability to optimize code performance and manage memory, thanks to its borrow checkers. Rust code is compiled using the official compiler <span>rustc</span>, which utilizes LLVM as its backend to optimize and convert high-level Rust code into low-level machine code. However, a recent alternative has emerged called gccrs, which … Read more

Detailed Explanation of GCC Certification in the Gulf Cooperation Council

The Gulf GCC certification is a key passport for entering the markets of the Gulf Cooperation Council member countries, coveringSaudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, and Yemen, among others. As a cornerstone of regional trade integration, GCC certification is not only a mandatory threshold for market access but also an important … Read more

Rust 1.87.0 Released! A Comprehensive Analysis of the Latest Version Unveiling New Heights in Performance and Safety

On May 16, 2025, the highly anticipated Rust programming language welcomed its new stable version—Rust 1.87.0! As one of the leading, safest, and high-performance system-level languages in the industry, Rust continuously enhances the development experience and underlying technology through version upgrades. This 1.87.0 iteration brings several important new features and stability improvements, covering core language … Read more