Whether it is Gaokao English or academic English, the conversion of adjective word forms is a high-frequency exam point in grammar fill-in-the-blank questions, and it will also be involved in cloze tests! Converting adjectives to adverbs is a common form of word conversion.Essential for Academic Students: English Word Form Conversion1. Converting Verbs to Nouns1. Ends with v+mentachieve —— achievement successadvertise —— advertisement advertisementagree —— agreement agreementamuse——amusement entertainmentcommit —— commitment dedicationdevelop —— development developmentdisagree —— disagreement disagreementequip —— equipment equipment, apparatusgovern —— government governmentmanage——management managementargue —— argument argument2. Ends with V+ionattract —— attraction attractiondiscuss —— discussion discussionexpress —— expression words; expressioninstruct —— instruction guidance, introductioninvent—— invention inventionpredict —— prediction prophecyimpress —— impression impressionsuggest —— suggestion suggestion, hinteducate —— education educationgraduate —— graduation graduationoperate —— operation operation, surgeryillustrate —— illustration clarification, examplepollute —— pollution pollutionintroduce —— introduction introductionorganize —— organization organizationimagine —— imagination imaginationinspire——inspiration inspiration, encouragementinvite —— invitation invitationcompete —— competition competition, contestpronounce —— pronunciation pronunciationadmit —— admission admissionpermit —— permission permissionconclude —— conclusion conclusiondecide —— decision decisiondescribe —— description descriptionresolve —— resolution determinationsolve —— solution solution3. Ends with V+anceallow —— allowance allowanceappear —— appearance appearanceperform —— performance performanceexist —— existence existence4. Ends with V+ingend —— ending endingtrain —— training trainingmean —— meaning meaningsay—— saying proverbremind —— reminding reminderbathe —— bathing bathing5. Add -er or -or to indicate a “type of person” nounwork——worker workerteach——teacher teachersing——singer singerjump——jumper high jumperplay——player performer, athletelearn——learner learnervisit——visitor visitorinvent——inventor inventor6. V+ Othersbeg——beggar beggarsit——seat seatbelieve —— belief beliefbehave —— behavior behaviorknow—— knowledge knowledgefly—— flight flightmix —— mixture mixturepress —— pressure pressureserve —— service servicesucceed —— success successpursue —— pursuit pursuit, engagementpropose —— proposal proposalwithdraw —— withdrawal withdrawalsurvive —— survival–survivor survivorarrive —— arrival arrivalanalyze —— analysis analysis
2. Converting Adjectives to Nouns
1. Change -ent to -ency or -enceefficient——efficiency efficiencypatient——patience/impatience patience/impatiencedependent——dependence dependenceindependent——independency independenceurgent——urgency urgency2. Ends with -ble, change -ble to -bilitypossible——possibility possibilityresponsible——responsibility responsibility; duty3. Othersaccurate——accuracy accuracyprosperous——prosperity prosperitytrue——truth truthwide——width widthlong——length lengthhigh——height height3. Noun/Verb to Adjective Conversion1. Noun + yhonest —— honesty honestguilt 罪恶——guilty guiltyhealth——healthy healthyluck——lucky luckycloud——cloudy cloudywind—windy windyrain——rainy rainysnow——snowy snowytourist —— touristy touristyer ending, change er to ryhunger——hungry hungryanger —— angry angryfog—— foggy foggysun—— sunny sunnyfur—— furry furryshine——shiny shinytaste —— tasty tasty2. Noun/Verb + edFor words ending with consonant + consonant, simply add edtalent —— talented talentedoffend ——offended offendedcrowd ——crowded crowdedFor words ending with vowel letter e, simply add dbalance —— balanced balancedorganize——organized organizedpollute ——polluted pollutedplease ——pleased pleasedFor words ending with vowel + consonant, double the final consonant and add edspot —— spotted spotted3. Noun + ful/lesscare —— careful/ careless careful/ carelesshelp—— helpful / helpless helpful / helplessuse—— useful/ useless useful/ uselessmeaning —— meaningful / meaningless meaningful / meaninglesscolour—— colourful /colourless colourful / colourlesspain 疼痛 ——painful /painless painful / painlessthank—— thankful / thankless thankful / ungratefulpeace 和平 —— peaceful peacefulplay游戏 —— playful playfulhome —— homeless homeless4. Noun/Verb + ablechange —— changeable changeableadjust——adjustable adjustablecomfort——comfortable comfortableknowledge——knowledgeable knowledgeablesuit ——suitable suitableFor verbs ending in consonant + y, change y to i and add abledeny—— deniable deniablerely—— reliable reliable5. Noun + ouscourage——courageous courageousdanger—— dangerous dangerousFor words ending in y, change y to i and add ousmystery 神秘—— mysterious mysterious6. Change -ce to -tconfidence—— confident confidentdifference——different differentdependence —— dependent dependent on othersindependence—— independent independent7. Add -al to the end of wordsaddition—— additional additional, extramusic—— musical musicalperson——personal (private)nation—— national nationaleducation——educational educationaltradition—— traditional traditionalorigin起源——original novel; originalFor words ending with vowel letters, remove the final vowel and add -alnature——natural naturalglobe—— global globalExceptions:class—— classical classicalmedicine 药——medical medicalgrammar—— grammatical grammatical8. Noun + lyfriend—— friendly friendlylive——lively lively, energeticlove——lovely lovelyweek——weekly weeklyman——manly manly; strong9. Add -en to the end of wordswood—— wooden woodenwool—— woolen woolen10. Directional wordsEast——easternWest——westernSouth——southernNorth——northern11. The Four ContinentsAsia 亚洲—— AsianAfrica 非洲——AfricanEurope欧洲—— EuropeanAmerica 美洲——American12. Othersenergy精力——energetic energeticstrategy——strategic strategicscientist——scientific scientificfool 傻子——foolish foolishlove——loving lovingpleasure——pleasant pleasant / pleased happypride——proud proud4. Converting Adjectives to Verbs1. Add -ize to the end of wordsmodern——modernize modernizesocial——socialize socialize2. Add -en to the end of wordsfast——fasten fasten; focus onshort—— shorten shortenwide——widen widenless——lessen lessenExceptions (with changes):long——lengthen lengthenstrong ——strengthen strengthen; consolidate3. Add en before the wordlarge —— enlarge enlarge; magnify5. Converting Adjectives to Adverbs1. Adjective + lybad——badly badlybright——brightly brightlycasual——casually casuallyclear——clearly clearlycomplete——completely completelycorrect——correctly correctlyfinal——finally finallyfortunate——fortunately fortunatelygeneral——generally generallyloud——loudly loudlyparticular ——particularly particularlypolite——politely politelyproper ——properly properlymain——mainly mainlymost ——mostly mostlynormal——normally normallyquick——quickly quicklyquiet——quietly quietlyreal——really reallyrecent ——recently recently; latelysad——sadly sadlyslow——slowly slowlyspecial——specially speciallyspecific——specifically specificallystrong——strongly strongly, stronglysudden——suddenly suddenlyusual——usually usually2. For words ending in -le, remove e and add -ycomfortable——comfortably comfortablygentle——gently gentlypossible——possibly possiblysimple——simply simply; only; simplyterrible——terribly extremely; greatly3. Consonant + y changes y to ilyeasy——easily easilyheavy——heavily heavilyhappy——happily happily4. Special Casesgood——well welltrue——truly truly
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