[Image] In industrial field applications, there are many bus application scenarios, such as RS-232 and RS-485 conversion with bidirectional isolation, and shared interfaces between RS-485 and RS-422. This article will introduce solutions for these types of applications, which are not only simple and convenient but also enhance communication reliability. The high-performance RS-232 to RS-485 bidirectional conversion circuit diagram is shown on the right side of Figure 1.