Exploring the JTAG interface of the 7-series Xilinx FPGA and Zener diode protection When I was selecting the 7-series Xilinx FPGA for a new PCB design, I was unsure about the design of the JTAG interface. To find a reliable reference, I reviewed several schematic diagrams of Xilinx evaluation boards, among which the schematic of … Read more
**Introduction** In many industrial and automotive applications, protecting interface transceivers from various electrical overstress events is a major concern. Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diodes are commonly used for this purpose as they clamp voltage spikes by creating a low impedance current path. The electrical characteristics of TVS diodes are determined by several process factors. These … Read more
RS485 communication is a commonly used communication method in the industry, widely applied with a simple circuit. Below is a circuit diagram of the 485 interface: This image is one I found online; it is a commonly used circuit. Although many people use it this way and I haven’t heard of any issues, I believe … Read more
To reduce the environmental impact of automobiles, we must focus on making gas vehicles more “environmentally friendly”. In other words, we need to optimize the efficiency of the engine. The good design of the electronic ignition system is the best guarantee for control, safety, and optimization of combustion. Inductive Discharge Ignition System (IDI) To better … Read more
In many circuits, small-value resistors are connected in series. Don’t underestimate them; they actually play a significant role. 1. SPI Signal Lines For SPI signals, the series resistor is generally around tens of ohms and has the following functions: 1) Impedance Matching. Since the impedance of the signal source is very low, and there is … Read more
Click the blue text to follow us In electronic engineering and maintenance, the identification and testing of electronic components are crucial steps to ensure the proper functioning of circuits and troubleshoot issues. Each component has its unique characteristics and functions; understanding their identification and testing methods helps engineers and technicians complete their tasks efficiently. 1. … Read more
RS-485, with its excellent ability to resist common mode noise, is suitable for long-distance signal transmission, especially widely used in industrial environments. This article introduces the working principle of RS-485 and the EMI risks it faces (electrostatic interference, electrical fast transient bursts, and surge voltage), and discusses several EMC solutions that help RS-485 cope with … Read more
The RS-485 bus is widely used in industrial environments, which may experience high levels of electrostatic or surge interference. Engineers typically use gas discharge tubes and TVS diodes to build protective circuits. However, these circuits have a high junction capacitance, which, if improperly applied, can affect communication. This article will introduce a low junction capacitance … Read more