Data Transmission

SPI Peripherals: The Bridge for High-Speed Synchronous Serial Communication

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SPI Peripherals: The Bridge for High-Speed Synchronous Serial Communication

In embedded systems, efficient data transmission is key to connecting processors with peripheral devices. SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), as a high-speed synchronous serial communication protocol, has become the preferred solution for interactions with peripherals such as sensors, memory, and display modules due to its flexible configuration, full-duplex capability, and low-latency characteristics. This article will comprehensively … Read more

RS-485 Communication Protocol

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RS-485 Communication Protocol

RS-485 Communication Protocol Overview The typical serial communication standards are RS-232 and RS-485, which define voltage, impedance, etc., but do not specify software protocols. The RS-485 bus standard defines the electrical characteristics of the bus interface, specifically the definitions for two logic states: a positive level between +2V and +6V represents one logic state, while … Read more

Introduction to UART

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Introduction to UART

1 UART UART is an asynchronous serial communication protocol, with the full English name Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. Unlike communication protocols such as SPI and I2C, it is also a commonly used IP in SoCs. Its greatest advantage is that it uses only two wires for communication, supporting full-duplex, meaning one wire (UTx) is used for … Read more

An Easy-to-Understand Introduction to the I2C Interface

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An Easy-to-Understand Introduction to the I2C Interface

In the complex world of electronic circuits, various circuit module devices need to communicate with each other to work together. The I2C interface acts as a communication bridge between these circuit module devices. Today, let’s delve into it. 1. Starting with a Physical Example The image below shows an I2C module I created. On this … Read more

Expert Insights: An Interview with Renesas Electronics’ Chief Timing Officer on the Current State of Clock IC Technology

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Expert Insights: An Interview with Renesas Electronics' Chief Timing Officer on the Current State of Clock IC Technology

Zaher Baidas Vice President and General Manager of the Renesas Timing Product Division Clocks lay the foundation for the operation of every electronic device. Clock-synchronized data signals are often referred to as the metronome of the chip industry, ensuring system reliability. However, today’s timing products are no longer just about maintaining the rhythm of a … Read more

Comparison of RS-232 and RS-485 Interfaces

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Comparison of RS-232 and RS-485 Interfaces

Serial interfaces are primarily used for serial bit-by-bit data transmission, allowing for bidirectional communication with just a pair of transmission lines, which offers the advantages of simple communication lines and low costs. Nowadays, many serial data interfaces are used in specific fields, with common examples including I2C, CAN, LIN, SPI, Flex, MOST, and I2S. Of … Read more

I2C Bus Technology in Microcontrollers: Is It Really That Simple and Practical for Storing Alarm Data?

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I2C Bus Technology in Microcontrollers: Is It Really That Simple and Practical for Storing Alarm Data?

For more exciting content, please click the blue text above to follow me! ————————————— Research Journey With a firm understanding of cutting-edge technology, I reminisce about my deep research during my spare time. I often write articles on my computer, ensuring to publish one every day. As the months pass, my passion grows stronger, and … Read more

Why Does HTTPS Return Large Data While HTTP Returns Line by Line?

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Why Does HTTPS Return Large Data While HTTP Returns Line by Line?

Background: Recently, while debugging a ChatGPT dialogue website, I encountered issues with large data responses, leading me to use stream reading. The initial HTTP calls worked without any problems, but when switching to HTTPS in production, I kept facing errors. After struggling with this issue for two days, I finally resolved it with the help … Read more

Embedded Communication Principles – SPI Bus Communication Principles and Applications

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Embedded Communication Principles - SPI Bus Communication Principles and Applications

Click the Blue Text Follow Us Introduction to SPI SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a synchronous serial communication protocol used for data transmission between devices over short distances. It is commonly used for communication between microcontrollers and external devices such as sensors, flash memory, displays, etc. SPI has the following main characteristics: Basic Principles SPI … Read more

Embedded Communication Protocol: How Many IIC Interview Questions Can You Answer?

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Embedded Communication Protocol: How Many IIC Interview Questions Can You Answer?

1. What is the Validity of IIC Protocol Data? (1) Data Transmission Format Start and Stop Conditions: When the SCL line is high, a transition from high to low on the SDA line indicates a start condition; when SCL is high, a transition from low to high on the SDA line indicates a stop condition. … Read more