Introduction In the context of intensified climate change and frequent extreme droughts, how can we scientifically and objectively measure “how dry it is”? The answer from meteorologists is: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). It does not depend on region, season, or units, providing a unified scale to inform you— the current level of precipitation anomaly … Read more
The MCP41010 is a single-channel digital potentiometer produced by Microchip, supporting SPI interface, with a resistance value of 10kΩ and a resolution of 8 bits (0-255 wiper positions). Below is the complete implementation scheme for driving the MCP41010 via SPI with STM32, as shown in the circuit diagram below. STM32 Pin MCP41010 Pin Function Description … Read more
1. I2C Devices 1.1 I2C Controller Description of the I2C bus controller node: i2c0: i2c@10002000 { compatible = "arm,versatile-i2c"; reg = <0x10002000 0x1000>; interrupts = <0 30 4>; #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <0>; clocks = <&osc24M>; clock-frequency = <100000>; /* 100KHz standard mode */ status = "okay"; }; Key Attribute Descriptions: <span>#address-cells = <1></span>: … Read more
“SPI is a synchronous serial communication interface that achieves full-duplex transmission with 4 lines. FPGA can flexibly adapt to different rates and communication modes. This article first explains its core principles and four protocol modes, then provides a loopback test scheme for Mode 0, including sending, receiving, and top-level module design and constraints, simulating to … Read more
Overview: This article mainly discusses the basic principles of QSPI communication, an upgraded version of SPI communication. It aims to help readers understand and apply the QSPI data transmission method. This article is a sister piece to my previous article on SPI communication, which interested readers can refer to first: Fundamentals of C Language Applications … Read more
MAX31856 STM32 Driver MAX31856 is a high-precision thermocouple amplifier that supports various thermocouple types (K, J, N, etc.), with built-in cold junction compensation and open-circuit detection. Below is the driver implementation based on STM32, including SPI communication, configuration, and data reading functionalities. 1. Hardware Connections MAX31856 Pin STM32 Pin Description SCK SPI_SCK Serial Clock MISO … Read more
Cover ImageIn 2016, Mercedes-Benz once made an advertisement where the deer’s skeleton was clearly visible under the car lights (as shown above). Today’s car lights are bright enough to achieve this level.[Previous Highlights]: Beginner’s Guide: Practical Guide to Adjusting GPU on RK Platform Ubuntu Welcome to follow “Embedded Sharing“, updated weekly! ☞ Main Content Before … Read more
The SPI bus is<span><span>a synchronous, bidirectional, full-duplex 4-wire serial interface bus</span></span>, originally proposed by Motorola. The SPI system consists of a “single master device + multiple slave devices.” It is important to note that as long as only one master device is active at any given time, multiple SPI master devices can exist in the … Read more
In-Depth Analysis and Practical Guide to the Linux SPI Subsystem 1 Basics of the SPI Protocol: Understanding Hardware Communication Mechanisms The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous serial communication protocol developed by Motorola, widely used for short-distance communication between microcontrollers and various peripheral devices (such as sensors, memory, display modules, etc.). Compared … Read more
In today’s rapidly developing smart education hardware landscape, learning tablets have covered a wide range of applications from K12 to vocational education, graduate school entrance exams, and public service examinations. These devices typically adopt a core architecture of “main control chip + storage unit + interface circuit,” requiring simultaneous processing of complex tasks such as … Read more