HC3i Introduction:
With the continuous development of medical technology and the deepening of information construction, hospitals need to continuously upgrade and improve the construction of smart hospitals to meet higher medical needs and patient expectations.
The construction of Smart Hospital Version 1.0 is an important milestone in the informatization of hospitals. At this stage, hospitals optimized the medical process, management systems, and medical education and research through informatization, internet construction, and IoT construction. These optimization measures provide patients with more convenient and efficient medical services, while also laying the foundation for hospitals to control operational costs and improve work efficiency.
With the continuous development of medical technology and the deepening of information construction, hospitals need to continuously upgrade and improve the construction of smart hospitals to meet higher medical needs and patient expectations. The construction of Smart Hospital Version 2.0 focuses mainly on comprehensive capability building, including cloud platform construction, overall big data construction, and the application of artificial intelligence in hospitals. Through the implementation of these measures, Smart Hospital Version 2.0 will better meet patient needs and expectations, enhancing the hospital’s competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities.
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Functional Modules of Smart Hospital Version 1.01. Smart Patient“Smart Patient” is the primary stage of smart hospital construction, focusing on “smart services” for patients. The “Smart Patient” functional module covers all aspects of the patient journey: before, during, and after diagnosis. The improvement of the WeChat platform, appointment triage, and appointment calling systems effectively addresses issues such as difficulties in patient appointments and long waiting times; the widespread use of self-service settlement systems significantly reduces the time patients spend queuing for settlement; the construction of mobile healthcare, remote visits, and remote consultation systems greatly enhances the quality of medical care.1.1 Self-Service TerminalThe self-service terminal provides services such as self-service handling of medical cards, same-day registration, and appointment registration, and supports multiple payment methods. In addition, the self-service terminal also supports self-service query and printing of test reports and outpatient cost lists.1.2 In-Hospital Navigation SystemThis system integrates specific location information of registration, charging, pharmacies, various departments, and convenience facilities within the hospital into a mobile app, allowing patients to query and plan routes at any time. Through the 3D perspective of the hospital’s high-precision indoor map, patients can easily find the required departments and facilities, significantly improving consultation efficiency.1.3 Hospital AppThis is a convenient mobile medical service app that covers the entire process of patient care before, during, and after diagnosis. Patients can enjoy services such as appointment registration, check-in, consultation calling, and report queries anytime and anywhere through the app, making the medical process smoother. In addition, the hospital app also provides expert scheduling, consultation history, health check appointment and report queries, daily inpatient lists, and other business functions, allowing patients to have a comprehensive view of medical information.1.4 Bedside Settlement SystemThis system is primarily implemented through a mobile settlement cart, integrating devices such as computers, medical insurance card readers, mobile POS machines, invoice printers, and high-speed cameras. The settlement cart is equipped with its own power supply and mobile wireless network capabilities, serving as a mobile window to complete admission and discharge procedures, upload and confirm medical insurance patient information, settle medical insurance, and recharge prepaid amounts on-site.1.5 Hospital Outpatient Calling SystemThis system is mainly used in the outpatient department, medical technology department, laboratory, pharmacy, and other areas to enable orderly patient consultations through intelligent diversion and guidance.1.6 Bedside Call SystemThe hospital bedside call system allows patients to call for assistance from their room or bathroom with a single button press. The system can display information about hospitalized patients, responsible doctors, and nurses at the entrance of each ward, achieving integrated information sharing; it also features mutual hosting at the nurse station, call transfer, nursing reinforcement, infusion alarms, mobile wireless voice and text communication, broadcasting, and other functions.1.7 Hospital Ordering SystemThe hospital ordering system consists of an ordering app and a hospital nutrition meal management system. The system can provide a query and booking platform, allowing patients to check the daily menu and make real-time reservations through the ordering app.1.8 Hospital Follow-Up SystemThe hospital follow-up system consists of software and communication terminals that use modern information tools and various methods such as telecommunications, networks, and postal services to conduct regular and personalized follow-up management for different patients at different stages.1.9 Smart Companion BedThe smart companion bed application system provides a mobile app or mini-program, allowing users to complete bed rental, return, payment, and other value-added services via their phones. The companion bed company can monitor and remotely maintain the equipment system 24/7 to ensure stable operation.2. Smart ClinicalSmart clinical refers to the establishment of a series of digital systems by hospitals through digital upgrades, including EMR electronic medical records, MDT multidisciplinary consultation systems, emergency management solutions, inpatient clinical management system solutions, PASS rational drug management systems, LIS clinical laboratory systems, surgical anesthesia management systems, clinical pathway management systems, blood transfusion management systems, intensive care monitoring systems, electrocardiogram management systems, and smart health check solutions, building clinical data centers (CDR) and clinical decision support systems (CDSS) to improve medical quality, reduce medical costs, and achieve medical intelligence.2.1 EMR Electronic Medical Record SystemThe electronic medical record is the core of the hospital information system, playing an important role in improving medical quality management, standardizing and completing medical records, organizing and sharing patient information, strengthening medical quality supervision, reducing the workload of doctors, and improving the efficiency of medical staff.2.2 MDT Multidisciplinary Consultation SystemThe multidisciplinary consultation system provides technical support for multidisciplinary consultations, effectively gathering expert resources inside and outside the hospital, avoiding patient travel between different departments and hospitals, and achieving effective allocation of medical resources.2.3 Emergency Management SolutionsThe emergency management solution is based on the construction and integration of a unified and efficient medical platform, using IoT technology to change the traditional manual triage work in hospitals. It achieves computer management of various links in the emergency consultation process while integrating subsystems for pre-hospital emergency care, hospitalization, and testing, realizing standardized emergency service processes. This solution significantly reduces the workload of emergency nurses and can greatly improve the speed of triage pre-examination while ensuring the completeness of patient information.2.4 Inpatient Clinical Management System SolutionsThe inpatient clinical management system solution integrates from the patient’s perspective, using the treatment process as a timeline, allowing medical staff to complete all treatment work for hospitalized patients on their respective workstation platforms while based on integrated patient information for complete retrieval of historical consultation information and trend analysis of historical medical results. It also enhances quality control and knowledge base applications at key clinical business stages to improve the timeliness and accuracy of medical order execution and reduce medical errors.2.5 PASS Rational Drug Management SystemThe PASS (Prescription Automatic Screening System) rational drug monitoring system is based on the basic characteristics and requirements of clinical rational drug use, utilizing information technology to standardize and structure scientific, authoritative, and constantly emerging pharmaceutical knowledge, enabling automatic review of medical orders and online drug information queries to promptly identify potential irrational drug use issues, assisting clinical professionals such as doctors and pharmacists in effectively grasping and utilizing pharmaceutical knowledge during drug use, preventing adverse drug events, and promoting database applications for rational drug use.2.6 Surgical Anesthesia Management SystemThe surgical anesthesia management system provides standardized management standards for hospital operating rooms, real-time and rapid information flow, logistics, and funding flow, achieving true memory storage of medical cases and accumulation and effective summarization of medical experience. It comprehensively solves the informatization and digitalization of anesthesia process management in operating rooms, and over time, will accumulate valuable information for medical, scientific research, and teaching, meeting both departmental work needs and the hospital’s digitalization requirements.2.7 Clinical Pathway Management SystemClinical pathway management is an effective way to strengthen hospital management, standardize doctor treatment, and control medical costs, and is also the most valuable medical operation method for hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. The clinical pathway management system establishes a standardized treatment model and procedures based on evidence-based medicine for certain diseases or surgical methods, allowing patients to receive treatment according to this model from hospitalization to discharge and analyze and summarize the differences of each patient based on treatment results to avoid similar mistakes for the next patient hospitalized, reflecting the standardization of medical processes, menu-style medical order information, and real-time monitoring of medical treatment.2.8 Blood Transfusion Management SystemThe clinical blood transfusion safety and blood management system (abbreviated as blood transfusion management system) focuses on clinical blood transfusion, based on standardized management of blood products, and combines IoT mobile applications to implement full-process and full-barcode closed-loop management of clinical blood transfusion processes, standardizing the entire blood transfusion process while ensuring patient safety in blood use and greatly improving the work efficiency of the blood transfusion department.2.9 Intensive Care Monitoring SystemThe intensive care clinical information system manages the information generated during the intensive care process through the design and implementation of intensive care management solutions, establishing a digital management system for information sharing in the ICU, fundamentally changing the traditional method of information transmission relying on paper records, improving treatment efficiency, and achieving digital management of the intensive care unit. The intensive care clinical information system archives the monitoring data of critically ill patients, making it easier for doctors to make accurate diagnoses of current patients and beneficial for research and analysis of various critically ill patients.2.10 Electrocardiogram Management SystemThe electrocardiogram management system refers to archiving the examination data and related patient information generated by various electrocardiogram electrophysiological devices in a unified data format, providing unified digital electrocardiogram waveform browsing and measurement tools, and facilitating the analysis, reporting, and sharing of electrocardiogram data. On this basis, the system realizes data sharing and interaction with other systems through networks and interfaces.2.11 Smart Health Check SolutionsSmart health check solutions integrate the business processes and information technology of hospital health check centers, achieving a self-service health check process that includes package recommendations, appointment scheduling, payment, printing, guiding inspections, and obtaining reports. The system also integrates health management service functions to provide users with health management services covering pre-examination, during examination, and post-examination, helping health check centers build an integrated service model of “health check + health management,” promoting the transformation of hospital health checks into health management business, and enhancing the service efficiency and capability of health check centers.2.12 Clinical Data Center (CDR)The clinical data center system (CDR) focuses on clinical data management, including data storage, data interaction, data security, data analysis, data disaster recovery, and data capacity expansion, typically adopting distributed data storage and unique data encryption technology to comprehensively manage the clinical data center, laying the foundation for clinical research and medical big data mining. Through the clinical data center, doctors can access the complete data information of patients’ medical processes from any authorized terminal.2.13 Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)The Clinical Decision Support System CDSS, with an intelligent decision engine and medical knowledge base at its core, follows the essential principles of disease occurrence and development. Guided by a new generation of artificial intelligence foundational theory, it employs cutting-edge technologies such as ontology-based semantic networks, artificial intelligence, and deep learning neural network algorithms to “learn” from data related to guidelines, literature, and medical records concerning disease diagnosis and treatment, self-improving the knowledge base, rule base, and decision engine model to achieve precise and efficient intelligent comprehensive analysis and judgment, providing precise solution recommendations for basic inspections, diagnoses, and treatments involved in the doctor’s treatment process.2.14 HIS SystemThe HIS system (standard edition) includes outpatient, inpatient, electronic medical records, laboratory, imaging, clinical knowledge base, clinical decision-making, leadership decision-making, pharmacy, logistics, financial performance, and personnel OA systems, integrated construction.3. Smart NursingThe National Health Commission places great importance on improving nursing efficiency and management effectiveness, emphasizing the use of information technology to strengthen the nursing application information system in documents such as “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of Nursing Services” and “National Nursing Development Plan (2016-2020).” At the same time, the Nursing Center of the Health Commission has defined 13 nursing-sensitive quality indicators in the “Nursing Sensitive Quality Indicators Usage Manual,” which have become key indicators for measuring hospital nursing quality, one of which is the assessment of the nursing work environment. Improving the nursing work environment and enhancing nurse work efficiency through information technology has gradually become a focus area for hospitals.3.1 Infusion SolutionsThe smart infusion system utilizes wireless networking technology, handheld computers, two-dimensional barcodes, and wireless radio frequency identification technology to complete five links: medication collection, preparation, dispensing, infusion, and rounds, solving the problems of patient identity recognition and calling in outpatient infusion.3.2 Infant Safety SolutionsThe infant anti-theft system relies on RFID technology, providing multi-layered anti-theft, anti-swapping, positioning, and video linkage monitoring by equipping infants and their mothers with active electronic tags, effectively enhancing hospital image while improving management efficiency and alleviating parental concerns.3.3 Medical Nursing Handheld TerminalsPDA medical nursing handheld terminals, also known as medical nursing mobile tag scanners, are data collection, storage, and transmission devices designed for medical nursing performance management, mobile nursing, and mobile rounds. By collecting patient, medication, and material information through the PDA handheld terminal, storing relevant information, and using wireless networks to transmit information to the database center in real-time, it accurately associates people with materials, achieving paperless office and realizing a patient-centered approach.3.4 Accompanying Inspection Information SystemThe accompanying inspection information system relies on the hospital information system platform and adopts modular management. The inspection department, clinical department, and accompanying inspection center collaborate, achieving closed-loop control of the entire process. When doctors issue medical orders, inspection application information is generated simultaneously, and relevant departments can schedule and adjust inspections on their information processing platforms. Meanwhile, the accompanying inspection system can provide specific precautions for patients based on their conditions and inspection content, and the accompanying inspection center can uniformly allocate work to accompanying caretakers based on appointment information, making adjustments in real-time according to current circumstances, achieving precision, efficiency, and comprehensive accompanying inspection work.4 Smart Medical Technology4.1 PACS/RIS SystemPACS is the Picture Archiving and Communication System. It is applied in the hospital imaging department, where PACS digitally stores various medical images generated daily (including MRI, CT, ultrasound, various X-ray machines, infrared devices, microscopes, etc.) in massive quantities through various interfaces (analog, DICOM, network), allowing for quick retrieval under certain authorizations while adding auxiliary diagnostic management functions.The Radiology Information System is one of the important medical imaging information systems in hospitals, working in conjunction with the PACS system to form the information environment for medical imaging.RIS is a computer information system for managing the task execution process of the medical imaging examination workflow, mainly achieving computer network control and management of medical imaging examination workflows and sharing of medical image information, and on this basis, realizing remote medical services.4.2 LIS Laboratory Information Management SystemThe LIS system assists laboratory technicians in pre-processing inspection application forms and specimens, processing inspection data, reviewing inspection reports, querying, and printing inspection reports. The LIS system should include functions for maintaining inspection instruments and inspection items. The LIS system can reduce the workload of laboratory personnel, improve work efficiency, and make the storage and management of inspection information more straightforward and complete.4.3 Pathology Information Management System SolutionsThe pathology information management system implements multiple electronic application forms for pathology inspections (outpatient, inpatient, surgical, endoscopic), specimen collection, specimen receipt registration, sampling information management, dehydration, embedding, slicing/making sections, pathology diagnosis, graphical reporting, special inspection information management, archiving management, and departmental management, meeting the full electronic and barcode closed-loop process management of pathology inspection business, standardizing the pathology inspection process.4.4 Digital Hemodialysis Information Management SolutionsThe digital hemodialysis information management solution meets the needs for digital management within departments, covering all aspects of diagnostic activities, nursing activities, equipment maintenance and management, and medication and consumable management. It also meets the hospital-wide information sharing and quality control management needs of the blood purification department, such as sharing, querying, and linking information on inspections, checks, medical records, medications, and consumables.4.5 Inspection and Testing Clinical Application and Intelligent Prompt SystemThe inspection/testing knowledge base can achieve comprehensive content display, reasonable layout, synchronized inspection knowledge, graphical display, and intelligent reminders. Digital pathology can achieve closed-loop management of pathology information throughout the process, realize electronic management of multi-department orders, and achieve full-process barcode management.5. Smart Management 5.1 Surgical Instrument ManagementThe operating room is one of the busiest and most critical departments in a hospital. Every surgery involves many people, and every mistake during surgery can lead to immeasurable losses. As the primary tool for surgery, more intelligent management of surgical instruments is an urgent hope for every hospital. Using RFID technology’s rapid multi-tag reading capability can make surgical instrument management more intelligent. The specific implementation method is to install small RFID electronic tags on each surgical instrument, installing RFID readers or using handheld terminals at necessary identification points to accurately identify surgical instruments, reducing errors and improving management efficiency.5.2 Hospital ERP SystemThe ERP system adds operational management of personnel, finance, and materials between HIS and financial management. The ERP system subdivides management based on the management of personnel, finance, and materials to achieve refined management goals.Human resource management includes organizational structure, job categories, personnel categories, compensation and benefits, personnel transfers, and qualifications;Financial management refers to outpatient and inpatient revenue and related management; material management includes medical and logistical supplies.Using ERP for financial management accommodates both the attributes of public financial management and enterprise financial management, enabling real-time management of internal hospital finances while also reporting real-time financial management to higher-level departments in the hospital’s health service financial management system.5.3 Smart PharmacyUpon completion of payment, the intelligent management system issues a medication dispensing instruction, reminding the patient to pick up medication at a specified window, and prints the pickup window number prominently on the invoice. Meanwhile, the corresponding pharmacy window also receives the dispensing information, preparing the medication in advance so that it can be immediately dispensed to the patient when they swipe their card.5.4 Digital Operating RoomThe digital operating room covers full business management and quality control of the perioperative period before, during, and after surgery, based on the integrated clinical information of electronic medical records, supporting electronic archiving of anesthesia records. It provides surgical grading management, seamlessly integrates with monitoring devices, anesthesia machines, infusion pumps, navigation devices, etc., and offers intraoperative orders, postoperative billing, high-value consumable zero-inventory management, and usage tracking.5.5 Medical Waste ManagementThe medical waste management system, based on IoT and cloud technology, focuses on effective traceability management and barcode management throughout the lifecycle of medical waste classification, packaging, temporary storage, transportation, transfer, and disposal, offering various waste collection solutions that can be selected according to the hospital’s actual needs, with flexible and convenient system deployment.5.6 Medical Intelligent Logistics SystemTraditional internal transportation and storage processes in domestic hospitals mainly rely on manual carts, which are not only time-consuming and costly but also difficult to meet clinical needs. Although the costs of pneumatic logistics and smart storage construction are high, considering the entire lifecycle of the system, they help hospitals save significant space and operational costs.6. Smart Logistics6.1 Intelligent Security SystemIn recent years, with the rapid development of technologies such as big data, cloud computing, IoT, and mobile internet, the demand for networked, high-definition, and intelligent security has increased across various industries. Emerging needs such as emergency command, remote teaching, and remote visits have emerged in the medical security field, leading to corresponding personalized solutions.6.2 Hospital Equipment Intelligent System – Full Lifecycle ManagementThe hospital equipment intelligent system manages the demand, procurement, installation acceptance, daily maintenance, repair, and disposal of medical equipment across all stages of its lifecycle. By using information technology and unique identification, it establishes fixed asset files for medical equipment, monitors the status and benefits of medical equipment in real-time, providing reliable data support for refined hospital management.6.3 Building Control SystemTypical applications of building control systems in hospitals include real-time monitoring of air conditioning fresh air systems, exhaust systems, water supply and drainage systems, domestic water systems, heat exchange station systems, air conditioning cooling source systems, elevator systems, lighting systems, and power distribution systems, allowing timely understanding of equipment operation within the hospital and effective management. Through management software, optimizing control software and energy-saving measures, the software achieves automatic control, saving labor, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the hospital’s electromechanical systems.6.4 Hospital Intelligent Lighting SystemThe hospital intelligent lighting control management system can achieve remote monitoring and energy-saving management for every light, enabling on-demand lighting, providing comprehensive and refined energy-saving control and management for the hospital lighting system from both management and energy-saving perspectives; managers can remotely control, monitor, and measure the entire hospital’s lighting on a unified lighting network platform. It can automatically operate according to various pre-scheduled energy-saving modes or be manually controlled remotely for every light, allowing timely monitoring and detection of equipment failures, conducting timely maintenance and management, ensuring equipment availability, extending equipment lifespan, and improving the hospital’s medical environment and overall image.6.5 Disinfection Supply Center Quality Traceability SystemThe disinfection supply center quality traceability system, based on advanced mobile IoT technology, integrates mobile computing and intelligent identification, combined with mobile terminals and two-dimensional barcodes to achieve full-hospital traceable closed-loop management of the cleaning and disinfection quality and circulation information of medical devices across the disinfection supply center, departmental wards, outpatient wards, operating rooms, and patients.6.6 Hospital Logistics Management SystemThe smart logistics comprehensive service and management platform is the hospital’s comprehensive logistics service platform, involving modules related to transportation, repairs, inspections, etc., utilizing handheld terminals, two-dimensional codes, and IoT technology to transform the traditional, inefficient hospital transportation system based on verbal communication into information management, providing safe, timely, and efficient logistics services for hospitals.7. Smart Teaching and ResearchSmart teaching and research involve hospitals constructing an integrated clinical research platform through digital upgrades, applying clinical data generated from medical practices to research and teaching, promoting the transformation of clinical research results. The establishment of smart teaching and research in hospitals includes surgical demonstration systems and smart medical research centers.7.1 Hospital Surgical Demonstration SystemSurgical clinical teaching is a task for many hospitals, and the typical training method is live observation. However, due to site conditions or the current state of surgical equipment, the space for live surgical observation is limited, and the number of participants is restricted, causing unnecessary trouble for patients receiving normal treatment. The surgical demonstration system, using audio-visual digital coding broadcasting teaching systems, allows observation of surgical processes on large screens outside the operating room in real-time, reducing cross-infection in the operating room while ensuring sterility requirements and expanding the range of surgical teaching, thus breaking free from the traditional teaching model’s limitations in time, space, and participant numbers.7.2 Smart Medical Research CenterThe smart medical research center integrates big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and other technologies to structure and utilize clinical data generated from medical practices, applying vast amounts of medical data to disease diagnosis and treatment research and new drug development.8. Regional InterconnectivityThe interconnectivity of hospitals is achieved through standardized construction of data resources and interconnectivity infrastructure, realizing medical information sharing and resource sharing, and optimizing the allocation of medical resources. This mainly includes: hospital information grading protection solutions, comprehensive health information platform interface software solutions, interconnected smart hierarchical diagnosis and treatment platforms, and remote diagnosis systems.8.1 Hospital Information Grading Protection SolutionsHospital information security is the foundation of regional interconnectivity; hospital information grading protection solutions comprehensively protect the security of various information systems and data in hospitals.8.2 National Health Information Platform Interface Software SolutionsThe national health information platform interface software solutions can achieve interconnectivity and data sharing between hospital information systems and the national health information platform.8.3 Interconnected Smart Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment PlatformThe internet smart hierarchical diagnosis and treatment platform can realize a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment model of “primary care first, two-way referrals, and up-down linkage” through various online and offline initiatives, promoting regional medical resource sharing.8.4 Remote Diagnosis SystemRemote medical services refer to a new type of medical service that combines computer technology, communication technology, and multimedia technology with medical technology to improve diagnosis and medical levels, reduce medical expenses, and meet the health care needs of the general public. It includes all medical activities such as remote diagnosis, remote consultations and nursing, remote education, and remote medical information services.
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Functional Modules of Smart Hospital Version 2.0Version 2.0 of the smart hospital adds cloud platform construction, big data solutions, and artificial intelligence based on the existing foundation.The smart hospital cloud platform utilizes artificial intelligence technology, integrating medical big data and medical knowledge graphs to build cloud computing platforms, hospital information desktop cloud terminal solutions, data disaster recovery backup, and more. The construction of the smart hospital cloud platform can realize the storage, querying, and utilization of massive medical data, optimize hospital operations, and integrate smart triage, smart diagnosis, and smart follow-up functions.The hospital big data solution enables hospitals to achieve data collection, storage, management, and value realization. By standardizing and normalizing the massive clinical data generated by hospitals, collecting internal and external data, structuring and unstructured data, cleaning dirty and invalid data, and connecting data from different sources, it processes unstructured data into structured data, achieving unified management, reliable storage, secure access, and rapid access to data assets, ultimately realizing the monetization of data value.The emergence of artificial intelligence has changed the way data is interpreted; researchers have developed new algorithms based on this to support applications such as surgical robots, guiding robots, and logistics robots.Source | Smart Medical News, Artery Network, Jianlan Technology
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