01 What is ECU ECU (Electronic Control Unit) represents the electronic control unit. A single vehicle can have multiple ECUs, including BCM (Body Control Module), EMS (Engine Management System), ABS (Antilock Brake System), BMS (Battery Management System), and other ECUs related to specific subsystems within the vehicle. 02 Software Architecture of ECU Automotive software consists … Read more
Author: C. J. Abate (USA) Translator: Jun Qian Machine Learning (ML), as a subset of Artificial Intelligence, has been widely applied in various fields including atmospheric science and computer vision. As Dr. Matthew Stewart from Harvard University states, tinyML is an emerging discipline that enables low-resource consumption and low-power machine learning algorithms on resource-constrained microcontrollers. … Read more
0 Introduction Before discussing Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) and Digital to Analog Converters (DAC), let’s first clarify what analog signals and digital signals are. Analog signals can be understood as physical quantities from the real world, but these quantities are electrical signals. For example, radio signals, etc. The characteristics of analog signals are that … Read more
To acquire information from the external environment, humans must rely on sensory organs. However, relying solely on human sensory organs is inadequate for studying the laws of natural phenomena and production activities. To adapt to this situation, sensors are required. Therefore, it can be said that sensors are an extension of human senses, also known … Read more
Source: Sensor Technology A bus is a common communication line for transmitting information between various functional components of a computer. It consists of a bundle of wires and can be classified into data bus, address bus, and control bus based on the type of information transmitted. The data bus is used to transmit data, the … Read more
Parallel programming, the earliest programming method, is the most powerful, but requires connecting more pins, usually needing a high voltage of 12V~24V for distinction, referred to below as high voltage parallel programming. ISP (In System Programmability) is in-system programming, abbreviated as serial download. IAP (In Application Programming) refers to application programming, similar to BootLoader. 1 … Read more
Although C language has been developed for many years and is no longer as popular, it remains one of the most widely used low-level languages. Whether it’s C++ or microcontrollers, C language algorithms are essential. Below are 15 C language algorithms that can help a beginner quickly master microcontrollers. 1. Sorting Algorithms There are many … Read more
What is RISC-V RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture that defines a set of basic opcodes and registers, along with some optional extended instructions. The design goal of RISC-V is to provide a completely open, real, simple, flexible, efficient, and scalable instruction set architecture suitable for various application scenarios and processor implementations. The Birth … Read more
Word Count: 6000 Content Quality Index: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Abstract: Have you ever wondered where the functions and variables you write in Keil for microcontrollers end up? We often talk about the five areas of memory, but what exactly are those five areas? Where are they located on the chip? And why is it that after learning … Read more
Introduction Many people who have learned STM32 share a common characteristic: they can only use some representative hardware functions, such as AD conversion, and can only perform single conversions, while they struggle with looping or multiple conversions. This leads to the necessity of referring to the chip manual; however, the problem arises because the chip … Read more