Why Do SPI and Other Signal Outputs Require a 22 or 33 Ohm Resistor?

Why Do SPI and Other Signal Outputs Require a 22 or 33 Ohm Resistor?

When a microcontroller or FPGA sends SPI control signals to a phase-locked loop (PLL) chip, it often requires a series connection of a 22 ohm or 33 ohm resistor. What is the reasoning behind this? Impedance discontinuities can cause electromagnetic wave reflections, which in turn can lead to signal distortion. Therefore, impedance matching is often … Read more

In-Depth Analysis of SPI Mode 4: Timing Attack and Defense with CPOL=1/CPHA=1

In-Depth Analysis of SPI Mode 4: Timing Attack and Defense with CPOL=1/CPHA=1

1. Experimental Task Task: Based on the STEP-MAX10M08 core board and STEP BaseBoard V4.0 baseboard, complete a simple voltmeter design and observe the debugging results. Requirements: Measure the adjustable potentiometer output voltage through the serial ADC chip ADC and display the voltage information on the core board’s digital tube. Analysis: Drive the serial ADC chip … Read more

Multisim 14 Simulation Software: Analog and Digital Experiment Cases

Multisim 14 Simulation Software: Analog and Digital Experiment Cases

Multisim 14 Simulation Software Analog Experiment Case: Design of a non-inverting amplifier circuit Design Requirements: Gain of 3, verify the correctness of the circuit with input signals of both DC and AC voltages, and record the experimental results. 1. Simulation Circuit Diagram Design (1) Double-click the NI Multisim shortcut icon on the desktop to enter … Read more

Discussion on Liquid Level Detection Solutions

Discussion on Liquid Level Detection Solutions

Discussion on Liquid Level Detection Solutions In order to accurately separate liquids with different components, it is essential to detect the position of the liquid level accurately. Only by quickly and accurately detecting the position of the liquid level can the separation of different components be completed precisely. There are generally three methods for detecting … Read more

A Quick Start Guide to FPGA

A Quick Start Guide to FPGA

In today’s rapidly evolving electronic design field, FPGA technology has become the preferred tool for many engineers and designers due to its flexibility and customizability. Whether you are working in communication, computing, consumer electronics, or industrial automation, FPGAs can help you solve problems. No matter if you are a student in the learning stage (such … Read more

Principles and Usage of Oscilloscopes

Principles and Usage of Oscilloscopes

In digital circuit experiments, several instruments and meters are needed to observe experimental phenomena and results. Common electronic measuring instruments include multimeters, logic pens, ordinary oscilloscopes, storage oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, etc. The usage of multimeters and logic pens is relatively simple, while logic analyzers and storage oscilloscopes are not yet widely used in digital circuit … Read more

The Development and Application of Chip Technology

The Development and Application of Chip Technology

Source: Semiconductor Engineer Original Author: Chip Failure Analysis Chip technology is an important driving force behind modern technological development. Its advancements have not only propelled the development of electronic devices such as computers and smartphones but have also penetrated various fields including automotive, medical, and energy. With the rapid development of information technology, chip technology, … Read more

12 Essential Knowledge Points for Microcontroller Beginners

12 Essential Knowledge Points for Microcontroller Beginners

Learning about microcontrollers is a long and somewhat painful process. Especially for beginners, it is difficult to form a systematic learning framework when various types of knowledge are incomplete in the early stages. This article aims to provide a thought process and list some essential foundational knowledge before getting into microcontrollers. 1. There are only … Read more

How to Choose Reset Methods for Microcontrollers

How to Choose Reset Methods for Microcontrollers

In the field of digital circuits, the reset function of microcontrollers is a crucial step to ensure their normal startup and operation. The reset function mainly resets the internal state of the microcontroller to its initial state, preventing issues such as chaos, runaway, or freezing during program execution, making the system ready to accept and … Read more

How to Become a Top FPGA Engineer?

How to Become a Top FPGA Engineer?

Top FPGA Engineer Required Skills Attend industry seminars to meet experts Ability to identify and solve problems Are you curious about FPGA engineers as a profession? FPGA technology is currently a hot industry, have you always wanted to know how to become a top FPGA engineer? Don’t worry, today I will share some secrets with … Read more