The IoT card, officially known as the IoT communication card, is a mobile communication access service provided by operators specifically for smart terminal devices. Unlike the mobile SIM cards we use daily, IoT cards use exclusive number ranges and are primarily sold in bulk to enterprise users, providing data transmission, remote control, and management services … Read more
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is one of the most widely used interfaces between microcontrollers and peripheral ICs such as sensors, ADCs, DACs, shift registers, and SRAM. SPI is a synchronous, full-duplex, master-slave interface. Data from the master or slave is synchronized on the rising or falling edge of the clock. Both the master and … Read more
The technology of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a cross-network system that integrates IoT and internet services, relying on emerging information technologies such as ubiquitous sensing, virtual reality, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and big data to achieve intelligent interaction between industrial data flows and the software and hardware of industrial equipment throughout the entire manufacturing … Read more
When we are working on wireless sensors and device networking, we often use wireless transmission methods such as 433M ASK and LoRa. When multiple nodes use the same frequency and transmission parameters, such as spreading factor, at the same time to send data, packet collisions or co-frequency interference can occur, which prevents the gateway from … Read more
JTAG is a commonly used interface for debugging devices. When there are many devices, a JTAG daisy chain can be used to save external interfaces, resulting in fewer external connection wires. The connection method is shown in the figure below:When sending and receiving data, it is necessary to determine the data to be received and … Read more
Word count: 8843, reading time approximately 45 minutes A Comprehensive Comparison of UART and SPI in Embedded Systems UART and SPI are key communication methods in the electronics field. UART is suitable for simple long-distance connections, while SPI excels in fast data transmission. They are used in GPS modules, SD cards, and microcontrollers, and understanding … Read more
I2C is a synchronous, half-duplex serial communication bus protocol used for connecting low-speed peripherals. The main features include: Two-wire system: SCL clock line and SDA data line Multi-master and multi-slave: Supports multiple master and slave devices, but only one master is allowed at any given time. Addressing: Each slave device has a unique address Speed: … Read more
In modern electronic systems, communication between devices is a key aspect of achieving complex functionalities. SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is an efficient and flexible synchronous serial communication protocol widely used for data exchange between microcontrollers (MCUs) and various peripheral devices. This article will provide a detailed introduction to the working principles of the SPI protocol, … Read more
What is CAN? Also known as Controller Area Network, the initial motivation was to solve the communication between the vast electronic control systems in modern vehicles, reducing the increasing number of signal wires. Various electronic control systems have been developed, and the number of electronic control systems in vehicles is increasing, such as engine management … Read more
First, we need to know what UART is? UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is a common asynchronous serial communication interface that is widely used in electronic circuits. The UART interface function circuit is generally integrated within the chip, and it can be used directly if the selected microcontroller chip has this function. The mystery of the … Read more