In the previous issue, we outlined the common industrial control devices and software systems in Industrial Control Systems (ICS). Today, we will explore the communication protocols between devices and software systems. Before we begin, let’s first understand the topological access relationship between control devices and software: refer to the hierarchical model division of IEC62264-1: L4 … Read more
“Whenever you encounter ‘unable to write, unable to read, configuration unsuccessful’, it is mostly an SDO issue.”—— Bald Engineer, years of experience summarized In CANopen, anything related to configuration and parameters is closely tied to SDO: Change mode (0x6060) Change acceleration (0x6083) Configure PDO (0x1600 / 0x1A00) Set heartbeat time (0x1017) Modify node ID (0x2000~) … Read more
Introduction PLC, as a core control device, is hailed as the brain of industrial control. However, in this seemingly transparent technological field, there are many unknown industry rules hidden beneath the surface. Just like the visible part of an iceberg is only one-tenth of its entirety, the PLC industry also has numerous unspoken potential rules.. … Read more
Click to follow and unlock more industrial control technology knowledge! What is the core of industrial automation? The answer is PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). From automotive production lines to smart warehousing, from food packaging to petrochemicals, this seemingly unremarkable device is controlling every precise action in modern industry. Today, we will quickly master 15 core … Read more
MQTT and CoAP are commonly used lightweight communication protocols in the Internet of Things (IoT) field, and they exhibit significant differences in design goals, application scenarios, and technical characteristics. Below is a main comparison of the two: 1. Transport Layer Protocol · MQTT: Based on TCP, it provides reliable transmission and requires maintaining a long … Read more
Title: Types of Microcontroller Communication Protocols and Dual Bus Solutions First Paragraph: In embedded systems, microcontrollers face various bus communication protocols: 485, CAN, serial, I2C, SPI, etc., each with its advantages and limitations. On-site, there is often a need to consider long-distance transmission, simplified power supply, and quick wiring requirements, all of which directly affect … Read more
Embedded engineers who only know how to write code are like architects who cannot read blueprints in the field of industrial control—no matter how well the code runs, they will still be flustered when the equipment starts operating. 1. Embedded Engineers Should Learn Industrial Control!Industrial environments do not recognize ideal conditions: electromagnetic interference, temperature fluctuations, … Read more
As the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices continues to grow, the communication and connection between these devices has become an important topic of consideration. Communication is essential and critical for IoT, whether it involves short-range wireless transmission technologies or mobile communication technologies, all of which impact the development of IoT. Among these, communication … Read more
In-Depth Analysis and Practical Guide to the Linux SPI Subsystem 1 Basics of the SPI Protocol: Understanding Hardware Communication Mechanisms The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous serial communication protocol developed by Motorola, widely used for short-distance communication between microcontrollers and various peripheral devices (such as sensors, memory, display modules, etc.). Compared … Read more
You are an embedded hardware engineer and embedded software engineer with 20 years of experience, as well as a computer scientist. Please provide detailed answers from a beginner’s perspective, keeping my requirements in mind, and answer everything at once: 1. What are the commonly used microcontrollers in embedded systems? 2. What is an MCU? What … Read more