It is well known that people have defined three basic logical relationships: AND, OR, NOT, which can be combined to form NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR five logical relationships. All logical relationships in digital systems can be realized using the basic three logical relationships (similar to how decimal numbers can always be represented using 10 digits … Read more
Click the blue “Osmart” above to follow this account for a professional perspective. 8-1 A 10-micron pitch Ge-on-Si SPAD pixel array achieves a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 33.8% at a wavelength of 1300 nm and 23.3% at 1550 nm in a room temperature environment. Sony Semiconductor This paper presents a 10μm pitch back-illuminated Ge-on-Si SPAD … Read more
1. Introduction CMOS Image Sensors (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Image Sensor) have gained dominance in the image sensor market due to their significant advantages such as low power consumption, low cost, high integration, and mass production capabilities. They are widely used in various fields including digital cameras, smartphones, surveillance cameras, automotive electronics, and medical imaging. In recent … Read more
In chip manufacturing, the “substrate” not only determines the physical foundation of the wafer but also profoundly affects the electrical performance, reliability, yield, and process compatibility of the devices. But have you noticed? The vast majority of CMOS chips use <100> crystal-oriented silicon substrates. Why does almost the entire industry “favor” the <100> orientation? Today, … Read more
Witness the rejuvenation of ChinaCompany – Semiconductor/Digital Chip DesignOverview of Chinese semiconductor digital chip design companies, number 16: Sightway.The top 15 companies are listed at the bottom of the article. Sightway (Shanghai) Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. (Stock Code: 688213) was established inApril 2017, headquartered in Shanghai, and is aleading domestic CMOS image sensor chip design … Read more
Ningbo’s Chip Tycoon: Bold Acquisitions Break US-Japan Monopoly, Becoming the World’s Third Who would have thought that Ningbo would produce a “chip tycoon” who boldly spent 15.3 billion yuan to acquire a global giant? It sounds unbelievable. Let me ask: have you ever seen such a “bold” acquisition? The protagonist is named Yu Renrong, hailing … Read more
The “opening pad” process for image sensors (especially CMOS image sensors, CIS), officially known as “aluminum pad layer etching” or “passivation layer opening” process, is a critical step in the backend of chip manufacturing. The purpose of this step is to open the insulating layer (passivation layer) on the pads that electrically connect the internal … Read more
CMOS Characteristics The essence of a CMOS Sensor is a linear sensor that measures photoelectric conversion events, which can be considered a photon counter to some extent. The reading value of each pixel on the Sensor reflects the number of photons captured by that pixel within a specified time. An ideal Sensor should possess the … Read more
High precision, high reliability, and radiation resistance—the technological breakthroughs behind aerospace image sensors are quietly pushing the boundaries of human understanding of the universe. On Earth, we use mobile phones to take photos and monitoring devices to ensure safety, all of which rely on image sensors. However, once these devices enter space, everything changes dramatically. … Read more
Introduction FPGAs are widely used in various image processing applications, including medical and scientific imaging, space imaging, automotive, and defense fields. No matter which solution is used, the advanced algorithms may differ, but the fundamental parts are the same: they all need to connect to an image sensor or camera, process the captured images, and … Read more