When it comes to microcontrollers (MCUs), the first thing that comes to mind is that they have many input/output (I/O) ports, which can be difficult to distinguish. As the core of embedded systems, they can communicate with external devices or sensors. However, the presence of I/O ports often makes learning challenging for many people. This … Read more
Learning to use microcontrollers involves understanding the hardware structure of the microcontroller and the application of its internal resources, as well as learning various initialization settings for functions in assembly or C language, and programming to implement various functionalities. Here are some of my experiences: Step 1: Using Digital I/O Using button inputs to signal, … Read more
Click the blue text to follow us 1. Overview of Microcontroller Serial Expansion The methods for implementing microcontroller serial expansion include commonly used serial bus standards such as: I2C bus, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), and Universal Serial Bus (USB). This chapter will focus on the I2C bus. 1. Implementation through dedicated serial standard bus (1) … Read more
The operation of the chip mainly involves manipulating the registers within the chip. Each register has its own unique address mapped in memory, which is what we are operating on. To understand the chip, first look at the timing diagram, then understand the corresponding registers, how they operate, define the necessary ports (which the program … Read more
●IIC Bus 1. Concept of IIC I²C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit, using two bidirectional lines: one Serial Data Line (SDA) and one Serial Clock (SCL). SCL: The rising edge inputs data into each EEPROM device; the falling edge drives the EEPROM device to output data (edge-triggered). SDA: The bidirectional data line is an open-drain configuration, … Read more
In embedded systems, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is often used to store data that needs to be changed frequently and should not be lost due to power interruptions. However, since STM32 does not have built-in EEPROM, how can we solve this problem and meet storage requirements? 1. Use External EEPROM Chips When STM32 … Read more
Click the above“Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Technology” to follow us System Configuration: Raspberry Pi 3B+, Operating System Raspbian-stretch, Python version is python3.5.3 Functional Requirements: Design a QT interface to collect data, with a start collection button that begins data collection when clicked, and a stop button that stops data collection when clicked. The data should … Read more
The LCDs we purchase generally consist of two parts: The LCD panel and the LCD driver chip Our processor does not directly drive the LCD panel, but rather drives the LCD driver chip, which in turn drives each pixel on the LCD panel. Therefore, to make the LCD display certain content, we need to consider … Read more
In embedded systems, on-board communication interfaces refer to the communication paths or buses used to connect various integrated circuits with other peripheral devices. The following content summarizes commonly used on-board communication interfaces: including I2C, SPI, UART, and 1-Wire: I2C Bus The I2C bus is a <span> synchronous, bidirectional, half-duplex two-wire serial interface bus</span>. Here, half-duplex … Read more
MSB: Most Significant Bit; LSB: Least Significant Bit; AHB: Advanced High-performance Bus; VPB: VLSI Peripheral Bus connecting on-chip peripherals; EMC: External Memory Controller; MAM: Memory Accelerator Module; VIC: Vector Interrupt Controller; SPI: Full-Duplex Serial Interface; CAN: Controller Area Network, a serial communication protocol; PWM: Pulse Width Modulator; ETM: Embedded Trace Macrocell; CPSR: Current Program Status … Read more