1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a simple request-response protocol that typically runs on top of TCP. It specifies what kind of messages a client can send to a server and what kind of responses it can expect. The headers of request and response messages are given in ASCII; while the message content has a format similar to MIME. This simple model is a key contributor to the early success of the Web, as it made development and deployment very straightforward.
2. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is an extension of HTTP that aims for security. It guarantees the security of the transmission process through encryption and authentication on top of HTTP. HTTPS adds SSL to HTTP, making SSL the foundation of HTTPS security, thus the details of encryption require SSL. HTTPS has a different default port than HTTP and includes an encryption/authentication layer (between HTTP and TCP). This system provides authentication and encrypted communication methods. It is widely used for secure communications on the World Wide Web, such as transaction payments.
WebSocket is an independent protocol created on top of TCP. WebSocket establishes a connection through an HTTP/1.1 protocol handshake using the 101 status code. To create a WebSocket connection, a request must be sent from the browser, and then the server responds; this process is commonly referred to as “handshaking” (handshaking).
4. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a transport protocol specifically designed to provide reliable end-to-end byte streams over unreliable internetworks.
5. UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP is a connectionless, unreliable, datagram-based transport layer communication protocol. It prioritizes transmission speed over reliability, making it suitable for scenarios that require high real-time performance but do not demand high data integrity.
6. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
SMTP is a protocol used for sending emails, specifying the format and transmission method of emails during the sending process.
7. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard protocol used for transferring files over a network. It operates at the seventh layer of the OSI model and the fourth layer of the TCP model, which is the application layer, using TCP for transmission rather than UDP. Clients must go through a “three-way handshake” process to establish a connection with the server, ensuring that the connection is reliable and connection-oriented, providing a reliable guarantee for data transmission.
Source: 5G Communication
Reviewed by: Zhao Lixin
