01 Verb to Noun
1. v + ment endings
achieve —— achievement achievementadvertise —— advertisement advertisementagree —— agreement agreementamuse——amusement amusementcommit —— commitment commitmentdevelop —— development developmentdisagree —— disagreement disagreementequip —— equipment equipmentgovern —— government governmentmanage——management managementargue —— argument argument
2. V + ion endings
attract —— attraction attractiondiscuss —— discussion discussionexpress —— expression expressioninstruct —— instruction instructioninvent—— invention inventionpredict —— prediction predictionimpress —— impression impressionsuggest —— suggestion suggestioneducate —— education educationgraduate —— graduation graduationoperate —— operation operationillustrate —— illustration illustrationpollute —— pollution pollutionintroduce —— introduction introductionorganize —— organization organizationimagine —— imagination imaginationinspire——inspiration inspirationinvite —— invitation invitationcompete —— competition competitionpronounce —— pronunciation pronunciationadmit —— admission admissionpermit —— permission permissionconclude —— conclusion conclusiondecide —— decision decisiondescribe —— description descriptionresolve —— resolution resolutionsolve —— solution solution
3. V + ance endings
allow —— allowance allowance
appear —— appearance appearanceperform —— performance performanceexist —— existence existence
4. V + ing endings
end —— ending endingtrain —— training trainingmean —— meaning meaningsay—— saying sayingremind —— reminding remindingbathe —— bathing bathing
5. Add -er or -or to denote a type of person
work——worker workerteach——teacher teachersing——singer singerjump——jumper jumperplay——player playerlearn——learner learnervisit——visitor visitorinvent——inventor inventor
6. V + others
beg——beggar beggarsit——seat seatbelieve —— belief beliefbehave —— behavior behaviorknow—— knowledge knowledgefly—— flight flightmix —— mixture mixturepress —— pressure pressureserve —— service servicesucceed —— success successpursue —— pursuit pursuitpropose —— proposal proposalwithdraw —— withdrawal withdrawalsurvive —— survival survival–survivor survivorarrive —— arrival arrivalanalyze —— analysis analysis
02 Adjective to Noun
1. Change -ent to -ency or -ence
efficient——efficiency efficiencypatient——patience/impatience patience/impatiencedependent——dependence dependenceindependent——independency independencyurgent——urgency urgency
2. -ble endings change to -bility
possible——possibility possibilityresponsible——responsibility responsibility
3. Others
accurate——accuracy accuracyprosperous——prosperity prosperitytrue——truth truthwide——width widthlong——length lengthhigh——height height
03 Noun/Verb to Adjective
1. Noun + y
honest —— honesty honestyguilt 罪恶——guilty guiltyhealth——healthy healthyluck——lucky luckycloud——cloudy cloudywind—windy windyrain——rainy rainysnow——snowy snowytourist —— touristy touristyer endings change to ry<hunger——hungry hungryanger —— angry angryfog—— foggy foggysun—— sunny sunnyfur—— furry furryshine——shiny shinytaste —— tasty tasty
2. Noun/Verb + ed
Words ending with consonant + consonant add ed directlytalent —— talented talentedoffend —— offended offendedcrowd —— crowded crowded
Words ending with vowel e add d directlybalance —— balanced balancedorganize——organized organizedpollute ——polluted pollutedplease ——pleased pleased
Words ending with vowel + consonant double the last consonant and add edspot —— spotted spotted
3. Noun + ful/lesscare —— careful/ careless careful/carelesshelp—— helpful / helpless helpful/helplessuse—— useful/ useless useful/uselessmeaning —— meaningful / meaningless meaningful/meaninglesscolour—— colourful /colourless colourful/colourlesspain 疼痛 ——painful /painless painful/painlessthank—— thankful / thankless thankful/thankless
3. Noun/Verb + ful/less
peace 和平 —— peaceful peacefulplay游戏 —— playful playfulhome —— homeless homeless
4. Noun/Verb + able
change —— changeable changeableadjust——adjustable adjustablecomfort——comfortable comfortableknowledge——knowledgeable knowledgeablesuit ——suitable suitableverbs ending with consonant + y change y to i and add able, deny—— deniable deniablerely—— reliable reliable
5. Noun + ous
courage——courageous courageousdanger—— dangerous dangerousending with y change y to i and add ousmystery 神秘—— mysterious mysterious
6. ce changes to t
confidence—— confident confidentdifference——different differentdependence —— dependent dependentindependence—— independent independent
7. Add al
addition—— additional additional,music—— musical musicalperson——personal (私人的)personalnation—— national nationaleducation——educational educational有教育意义的tradition—— traditional traditionalorigin起源——original original
Words ending with vowel remove the last vowel and add alnature——natural naturalglobe—— global global
Exceptions: class—— classical classicalmedicine 药——medical medicalgrammar—— grammatical grammatical
8. Noun + ly
friend—— friendly friendlylive——lively livelylove——lovely lovelyweek——weekly weeklyman——manly manly
9. Add en
wood—— wooden woodenwool—— woolen woolen
10. Directional words
East——eastern easternWest——western westernSouth——southern southernNorth——northern northern
11. Four continents
Asia 亚洲—— Asian AsianAfrica 非洲——African AfricanEurope欧洲—— European EuropeanAmerica 美洲——American American
12. Others
energy精力——energetic energeticstrategy——strategic strategicscientist——scientific scientificfool 傻子——foolish foolishlove——loving lovingpleasure——pleasant pleasant/ pleased pleasedpride——proud proud
04 Adjective to Verb
1. Add -ize
modern——modernize modernizesocial——socialize socialize
2. Add -en
fast——fasten fastenshort—— shorten shortenwide——widen widenless——lessen lessenSpecial case (with transformation): long——lengthen lengthenstrong ——strengthen strengthen
3. Add en beforelarge —— enlarge enlarge
05 Adjective to Adverb
1. Adjective + ly
bad——badly badlybright——brightly brightlycasual——casually casuallyclear——clearly clearlycomplete——completely completelycorrect——correctly correctlyfinal——finally finallyfortunate——fortunately fortunatelygeneral——generally generallyloud——loudly loudlyparticular ——particularly particularlypolite——politely politelyproper ——properly properlymain——mainly mainlymost ——mostly mostlynormal——normally normallyquick——quickly quicklyquiet——quietly quietlyreal——really reallyrecent ——recently recentlysad——sadly sadlyslow——slowly slowlyspecial——specially speciallyspecific——specifically specificallystrong——strongly stronglysudden——suddenly suddenlyusual——usually usually
2. Words ending with le, remove e + y
comfortable——comfortably comfortablygentle——gently gentlypossible——possibly possiblysimple——simply simplyterrible——terribly terribly
3. Consonant + y changes y to ily
easy——easily easilyheavy——heavily heavilyhappy——happily happily
4. Special casesgood——well welltrue——truly truly
StatementThe above images and text are for sharing, copyright belongs to the original author and source. The content reflects the author’s views and does not represent the views of this public account or guarantee its authenticity. If there are any copyright issues, please contact us in a timely manner.