1. Application Layer The application layer is the first layer of the TCP/IP protocol, directly providing services to application processes. (Data unit: message) It supports the World Wide Web with HTTP, email with SMTP, and file transfer with the FTP protocol. 2. Transport Layer Responsible for providing general data transmission services for communication between processes … Read more
Better understand how each version of HTTP works. In the early 1990s, Tim Berners-Lee and his team at CERN worked together to define four fundamental components of the internet: Hypertext document format (HTML) Data transfer protocol (HTTP) A web browser for viewing hypertext (the first browser, WorldWideWeb) A server for transmitting data (an early version … Read more
Recommended by Deepseek! A free OT+IT industrial visualization platform.Struggling with Modbus master-slave relationships?A single article on implementing Modbus communication in C# is enough!Modbus protocol gateway explained by industrial control experts! It’s amazing. What is Modbus and what is it used for? When it comes to industrial automation, Modbus is definitely a topic that cannot be … Read more
TCP is designed for single connections, where the requesting end places the data to be transmitted in order into a pipeline, and the final data appears at the other end of the pipeline in the same order. unsetunsetTCPunsetunset HTTP/1.1 TCP Data Transmission Process Diagram The sent data is split into packets, which are transmitted over … Read more
Technical Comparison of HTTP/2 vs HTTP/3 🚀 The HTTP protocol is an essential foundation for modern web communication. As network demands have evolved, the HTTP protocol has progressed from its earlier versions to HTTP/2 and the latest HTTP/3. This article will provide a detailed analysis of the technical differences between these two versions through comparative … Read more
QUIC is the TCP terminator developed by Google, and Microsoft has launched its own version of QUIC: MsQuic.Microsoft revealed that it is a user of QUIC. QUIC is the successor to TCP and is essential for HTTP/3; however, it has not garnered much interest outside of Google and Cloudflare.The full name of QUIC is Quick … Read more
On a summer day in Shanghai, a child takes a nap. TCP/IP is essentially something that most programmers in the internet industry cannot do without. Unfortunately, I have found that many people have only a superficial understanding of TCP. The better ones know it exists but do not understand the underlying principles, which leads to … Read more
How to determineif a Modbus TCPconnection is established? Answer: To performModbus TCPcommunication, a connection must be established. S7-200 SMART CPUas aModbus TCPclient: You can determine the connection status using the Modbus TCP Client instruction’s symbol table parameter mConnected, as shown in Figure 1. If mConnected=1, it indicates that the connection has been established, while mConnected=0 … Read more
Industrial Automation Maintenance Manual: Modbus TCP Communication Troubleshooting and Optimization Guide 0 â–² 90% of Engineers Overlook Modbus TCP Communication Risks: Timeout Settings and Message Boundary Handling Dear friends, I am Wang, and I have been working in industrial control for over ten years. Today, let’s talk about the Modbus TCP protocol, which seems simple … Read more
Background This article is derived from a previous Weibo post I made: However, the purpose of writing this article is not to help everyone prepare for interviews, but to use this question to introduce basic knowledge of computers and the internet, allowing readers to understand how they are interconnected. For ease of understanding, I will … Read more