The potential difference generated by the Hall effect is very small, often only a few microvolts. Therefore, Hall sensors often have a built-in high-gain operational amplifier and may be combined with other system circuits based on overall requirements. The overall architecture is shown below. Typically, the final output signals from Hall sensors can be either … Read more
Author Introduction: Tony, a teacher at Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, has participated in the development of TSM, GSM, TD-SCDMA, and LTE basebands. He was previously the group leader of the system engineering team for the LTE baseband chip development project. Currently, he focuses on LTE-Advanced PRO and 5G technology research, with a particular … Read more
Abstract:The random access process, as an important procedure for achieving UE initial access and uplink synchronization, has been simplified and modified in NB-IoT based on the LTE system. By comparing with the random access process in the LTE system, an in-depth analysis of the currently supported contention-based random access process in NB-IoT is conducted, and … Read more
The development of NB-IoT standardization in the past year of 2016 has created an urgent demand for commercial deployment. Many mainstream telecom operators, such as Deutsche Telekom and Vodafone UK, are carrying out large-scale deployments and promotions. Currently, there are three deployment options: 1. Deploying in the same frequency band as LTE 2. Deploying at … Read more
Abstract: NB-IoT is an emerging cellular technology that better supports applications requiring large connections, low power consumption, low throughput, low device costs, and high latency tolerance. Compared to LTE systems, the random access channel NPRACH in the NB-IoT system has been redesigned. A detailed analysis of the structural design of NPRACH in the NB-IoT system … Read more
Source: Hardware Why, Thank You! The allure of the 5G era is like the aroma from a neighbor’s kitchen, intermittently wafting over and stimulating everyone’s nerves. However, for the industry, the signal of this aroma is too weak. Before 2020, there was little hope for the large-scale application of 5G; no equipment manufacturers believed that … Read more
Note: Table 1 was formulated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China in 1985, and Table 2 was formulated in 1992. It stipulates that the channel spacing for cordless phones is 25KHz, with a maximum transmission power of 50mW for landline phones and 20mW for mobile phones. The transmission categories are F3E; … Read more
Click the above “Easy Learning Electronics” to easily learn electronic knowledge by following us. Easy Learning Electronics Subscription Daily updates on technical articles in the electronics industry and the latest information on microcontrollers for easy learning anytime, anywhere. Analog variable frequency filters require the use of variable passive components. The steeper the filter slope, the … Read more
Due to the lack of systematic information available online about the NSA Option 3x complete process, many references are scattered and fail to provide a comprehensive introduction to the NSA Option 3x process. Therefore, by comprehensively referencing various materials, I have summarized my personal understanding of the NSA Option 3x process, and I would like … Read more
1. Definition of Filter A filter is an electrical component used to reduce or eliminate interference by processing the input signal to obtain the desired signal. It effectively filters out frequency signals at specific frequency points or outside of those frequency points, thereby achieving the function of eliminating interference and obtaining a specific frequency signal. … Read more