1. SPI Bus The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus technology is a synchronous serial interface introduced by Motorola. Most MCUs (Microcontrollers) produced by Motorola, such as the 68 series MCUs, are equipped with SPI hardware interfaces. SPI is used for full-duplex, synchronous serial communication between the CPU and various peripheral devices. It can simultaneously transmit … Read more
★★★EOS-8—IO★★★ Author: Timothy Proofreader: Timothy Introduction: For various conventional interfaces, we have a good awareness of ESD protection. However, for some discrete or DIY circuits, cross-board usage often also requires ESD protection, such as GOIO, acquisition ports, or cross-board SPI, I2C, etc. This section introduces ESD protection for some IO and cross-board communication interfaces. €1.Digital … Read more
For more content, you can join the Linux System Knowledge Base package (tutorials + videos + Q&A):Linux System Knowledge Base Package Table of Contents 1. I2C Frame Format 1.1 Start and Stop Conditions 1.2 Addressing 1.3 Read/Write Bit 1.4 Data Frame 2. Transmission Steps 3. Advantages and Disadvantages 3.1 Advantages 3.3 Disadvantages Consolidate, share, and … Read more
Introduction to Excellent Verilog/FPGA Open Source Projects (Thirteen) – I2C 0 Introduction to I2C Official Website ❝ I2C – What’s That? The I2C bus specification was written by Philips Semiconductors, which later became NXP Semiconductors, and is now the maintainer of the I2C bus specification. Unfortunately, the latest I²C bus specification, NXP document version 6.0, … Read more
For many years, I have been troubled by a reuse issue in C, such as when we establish an I2C IP register address offset, and there are multiple I2Cs on the SoC, each with irregular offsets. How can we solve the problem of calling this function with different offsets for multiple I2Cs in a single … Read more
Buses, buses, you always get caught up in them. All signals in this world are the same, but there are thousands of buses, which can be quite a headache. In general, there are three types of buses: internal buses, system buses, and external buses. The internal bus connects various peripheral chips within the microcomputer to … Read more
I2C is a widely used bus, generally used to connect various slave devices, such as EEPROM memory, temperature and humidity sensors, gyroscopes, etc.Mastering I2C is considered a fundamental skill, and it is essential for newcomers in the industry to learn it systematically.1. A Brief History of I2C In 1980, Philips began developing a communication bus … Read more
Do you want to delve into the Linux kernel and write your own drivers? This tutorial will take you from scratch to mastering the core skills of Linux driver development, and through rich practical cases, you will quickly acquire the ability to write various types of drivers! 1. Preparation: Environment Setup and Tool Installation This … Read more
So far, protocols such as I2C, SPI, and UART remain the most commonly used communication protocols in electronic embedded devices. In this article, we will analyze these three protocols to provide a clear and intuitive understanding of their functions, advantages, and limitations, supplemented with GIF animations. I2C Protocol I2C is a serial communication protocol typically … Read more
On a motherboard, there are numerous devices, and the order of their initialization is critical. For example, on an ESP32, an I2C device must be initialized before other devices that depend on it. In Zephyr, the initialization order of devices is controlled through device initialization levels, priorities, and the device tree. Initialization Methods There are … Read more