1. Introduction Recently, a colleague shared a highly valuable technical article titled “Mastering WiFi with SPI: A Deep Dive into the RT-Thread ESP-Hosted Driver | Technical Collection“. Although its technical stack design is refreshing (providing a complete analysis from low-level protocols to high-level drivers), it has received little attention due to the fast-paced content consumption … Read more
As an embedded engineer, the following commonly used communication protocols are often essential knowledge in interviews. 1. UART Protocol UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is a bidirectional, serial, asynchronous communication bus that can achieve full-duplex communication with just one data receiving line and one data sending line. Typical serial communication uses three lines: the transmit line … Read more
In a previous article, I introduced the basic knowledge of SPI, see <<SPI>>. This time, I will present a design of a wireless communication system based on the 51 microcontroller, focusing on how to achieve data transmission between the microcontroller and the wireless module through the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) protocol. The system uses the … Read more
The AG32 supports two SPI interfaces, namely: SPI0 and SPI1; Both interfaces are functionally equivalent and only support SPI-Master mode. SPI is a full-duplex synchronous serial communication protocol that supports high-speed data transmission. Determine whether to use the “extended mode”: The default SPI driver in the SDK is encapsulated for use with flash memory and … Read more
1. Background In complex distributed systems (especially large microservice architectures), the following pain points are commonly encountered: Differentiated Logic Bloat: As business diversification develops (multi-tenant, multi-region, multi-scenario), the same interface needs to support a large number of differentiated implementations. Severe Hard-Coding Coupling: Traditional <span>if-else</span> or strategy patterns lead to logic branch explosion, bloated code, difficult … Read more
In the era of rapid development of smart devices, efficient communication between internal chips is crucial. The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus, with its unique advantages, has become the preferred solution for communication between many chips. Today, let us delve into the world of SPI and explore how it achieves high-speed and stable data exchange … Read more
Follow usLearn Embedded Together and grow together The core of a timing diagram is the relationship between time and the level changes. Time progresses from left to right, and levels are represented as high or low, typically denoted by 0 and 1. A timing diagram helps us understand the changes of various signals in a … Read more
As a “jack of all trades” in the embedded field, the configuration of high-speed interfaces in STM32 directly determines the data throughput capability of devices. From USB 3.0 to Gigabit Ethernet, what high-speed communication features are hidden in different series and models? This article gets to the core, listing key interfaces and technical parameters. USB … Read more
The ESP32, as a powerful IoT chip, integrates various serial communication interface protocols to meet different connectivity and peripheral needs. Below are the main serial communication protocols supported by the ESP32 and their characteristics: 1. Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) Protocol Basics: Asynchronous Serial Communication: No clock signal line is required; both parties communicate based on … Read more
1. Introduction In discussions with developers using the Xianji RT-Thread BSP, it was found that the SPI device driver occasionally encounters illegal access exceptions in polling mode (as shown in the figure). Problem reproduction scenario:: 1. The developer only needs to transmit a single message once but did not explicitly initialize the struct rt_spi_message’s next … Read more