Hello everyone, I am Wang from next door.STM32 is widely used, and today I will discuss the relationship between the core and the chip.1. What is STM32 composed of?The STM32 chip mainly consists of a core and on-chip peripherals.The core is provided by ARM, while ST is responsible for adding peripherals.The chip’s core and peripherals are connected via a bus.In simplified terms: STM32 = Core (ARM) + Communication Bus + Peripherals (ST)
ARM: Responsible for designing processorscore architecture and providing IP licensing. ARM does not manufacture chips, it only “sells design blueprints”.
ST: After obtaining the license, it adds various peripherals around thecore (GPIO, USART, timers, etc.) to design a complete system on chip (SoC).
2. How many types of cores are there?
The entire STM32 series uses theARM Cortex-M processor architecture, but for different application scenarios, ST has selected seven different core versions:
Cortex-M0: Entry-level32bit RISC core, winning with ultra-low power consumption and cost. The instruction set is simplified, with no hardware divider, representative series:STM32F0.
Cortex-M0+: An upgraded version of M0, with a 20% performance improvement while consuming less power. It adds hardware division instructions and improves debugging capabilities, representative series:STM32L0/G0/C0.
Cortex-M3: Mainstream performance champion, with a completeThumb-2 instruction set, supporting single-cycle multiplication and hardware division. Equipped with an efficient nested vector interrupt controller (NVIC), representative series:STM32F1/F2/L1.
Cortex-M4: Adds DSP instruction set and single-precision FPU (floating-point unit) on top of M3, becoming a powerful tool for digital signal processing. Representative series:STM32F3/F4/L4/G4.
Cortex-M7: Performance king, featuring a dual-issue superscalar pipeline design, with a clock frequency of up to several MHz. Supports double-precision FPU and cache, representative series:STM32F7/H7.
Cortex-M33: Security-enhanced, introducing ARM TrustZone technology to achieve hardware-level security isolation. Its performance is between M4 and M7, representative series:STM32L5/U5.
Cortex-M35P: Enhances physical security protection based on M33, defending against side-channel attacks and other threats, representative series:STM32H5
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Source: Big Fish Robotics
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