SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a synchronous serial communication protocol widely used in embedded systems and peripheral communication. SPI follows a one-master, multiple-slave communication method. Based on its operating modes and extended functionalities, SPI can be categorized into the following types based on hardware connection methods: 1. Standard SPI, commonly referred to as SPI, it … Read more
1. SPI Communication Protocol: The High-Speed Dialogue of Electronic Devices SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a commonly used synchronous serial communication protocol between electronic devices. Due to its high speed and full-duplex characteristics, it is widely used for communication with peripherals such as memory and sensors. 1.1 Basic Principles (Four-Wire Interaction) SCK: Clock signal line … Read more
1. Introduction to Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)The SPI interface (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a widely used high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous serial communication protocol between microcontrollers and peripheral devices.2. Main Features of SPIIt supports master-slave operation in both full-duplex and half-duplex modes; 16-bit width with independent transmit and receive buffers;8-bit or 16-bit data frame formats;Data bit order … Read more
This article summarizes the learning process of STM32 and GD32, and I hope it serves as a reference for you. 1. Characteristics of SPI Communication SPI is a full-duplex, synchronous, serial communication protocol. Full-duplex: Simultaneous data transmission and reception (Half-duplex transmits and receives data in a time-shared manner) Synchronous: All tasks must be completed before … Read more
I2C, as the most convenient and simplest onboard communication method, has certain scenarios where it is not suitable, and there are timing considerations to be aware of. Hardware Interface • Simple hardware interface with only two wires • SCL (Serial Clock) / SDA (Serial Data) • Low communication speed and low communication requirements • Fast: … Read more
Embedded Development in C: I2C Communication Protocol Introduction I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a widely used serial communication protocol, commonly utilized for communication between microcontrollers and various peripherals. It was developed by Philips in the early 1980s, primarily for short-distance, low-speed data transmission. I2C offers advantages such as simplicity, flexibility, and multi-master support, making it well-suited … Read more
RS-485 Communication Protocol Overview The typical serial communication standards are RS-232 and RS-485, which define voltage, impedance, etc., but do not specify software protocols. The RS-485 bus standard defines the electrical characteristics of the bus interface, specifically the definitions for two logic states: a positive level between +2V and +6V represents one logic state, while … Read more
1 UART UART is an asynchronous serial communication protocol, with the full English name Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. Unlike communication protocols such as SPI and I2C, it is also a commonly used IP in SoCs. Its greatest advantage is that it uses only two wires for communication, supporting full-duplex, meaning one wire (UTx) is used for … Read more
: Recently, I modified an old device that required communication control applications, from which I derived some insights: 1. FX2N-485-BD is economical to use; A./ (ASCII communication mode, operation, and frequency register address can be easily mistaken, but LRC checksum is easy to obtain)/ B../ (RTU communication mode, operation, and frequency register address is less … Read more
In the electric control system of oil drilling rigs, PROFIBUS serves as an advanced industrial communication protocol, providing a stable and reliable communication platform for the automation control of drilling rigs. PROFIBUS has been widely used in electric drive systems due to its mature technology, high reliability, and modular functionality. It can connect various sensors, … Read more