The previous article introduced the basic concepts of virtualization and hypervisors. To facilitate virtualization, ARM has done a lot of work, primarily defining four Exception Levels (EL). As mentioned in earlier articles about exceptions and privileges, I will elaborate a bit more here. Each exception level is numbered, ranging from EL0 to EL3, with higher … Read more
MSB: Most Significant Bit; LSB: Least Significant Bit; AHB: Advanced High-performance Bus; VPB: VLSI Peripheral Bus connecting on-chip peripherals; EMC: External Memory Controller; MAM: Memory Accelerator Module; VIC: Vector Interrupt Controller; SPI: Full-Duplex Serial Interface; CAN: Controller Area Network, a serial communication protocol; PWM: Pulse Width Modulator; ETM: Embedded Trace Macrocell; CPSR: Current Program Status … Read more
This article is selected from the Extreme Technology column “Arm Technology Blog” and is authorized to be transferred from the WeChat public account Lao Qin Talks about Chips. Previously, we sharedinterrupts and how they are handled in the ARM architecture and GIC-600 related knowledge; this article will introduce redistributor related knowledge. Keep it simple, keep … Read more
We all know that for mobile processors, the core of their performance lies in the CPU architecture and GPU cores. For example, ARM Cortex A76 is inherently stronger than A75, while Cortex A55 is certainly better than A53. In terms of GPU, Mali-G73MP6 (where the suffix “MP+x” indicates the number of compute cores) outperforms Mali-G72MP6, … Read more
ARM’s design is the foundation of most mobile device processors worldwide. Major mobile chips, including Qualcomm Snapdragon, Apple A series, Huawei Kirin chips, and Samsung Exynos, are all built on ARM technology. Today, let’s follow the steps of Kewa to learn more about ARM! 1. What is ARM? ARM first refers to a company (the … Read more
Click the blue "Arm Selection" in the top left corner and select "Set as Favorite" 1. Interrupt Response Model of 51 Microcontroller Let’s recall the use of interrupts in microcontrollers. As shown in the figure below, on the left is the pin diagram of the 51 microcontroller, where P3.0-P3.5 are the corresponding interrupt pins. When … Read more
Click the above Computer Enthusiasts to follow us In May 2019, ARM released the Cortex-A77 CPU and Mali-G77 GPU architecture (more accurately, IP, also known as core licensing), and the recently mass-produced Dimensity 1000+ is the first flagship 5G SoC to adopt the above IP combination. Last night, ARM officially released the next-generation IP, consisting … Read more
1. Address Space 1.1 Accessing Registers in ARM How do you access registers in ARM? Just like accessing memory: how to access a register? Use a pointer: int a; unsigned int *p = &a; // p equals "address of a" *p = val; // Writing to this address means writing to a val = *p; … Read more
Click the blue text Follow us Due to changes in the public account’s push rules, please click “View” and add “Star” to get exciting technical shares at the first time Source from the internet, please delete if infringing Learning the ARM Compiler First, let’s understand the compiler, which is usually divided into three parts: frontend … Read more
As a core component of embedded systems, the presence of the ARM processor ensures the stability and performance of the system. To better ensure the normal operation of embedded systems, the ARM processor provides seven operating modes, each with its specific application scenarios and privilege levels. 1. User Mode (USR) Normal program execution mode. Cannot … Read more