51 Microcontroller

Understanding Microcontrollers: What They Are, Their Applications, and How to Start Learning

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Understanding Microcontrollers: What They Are, Their Applications, and How to Start Learning

What is a Microcontroller?A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system. It combines a microprocessor, memory, and input/output peripherals on a single chip. The early applications were primarily in teaching microcomputer principles and simple measurement and control systems, but they are now rarely used. The Intel … Read more

Differences Between STM32, GD32, and ESP32: A Comprehensive Guide

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Differences Between STM32, GD32, and ESP32: A Comprehensive Guide

To not miss my updates, remember to click the top right corner – view public account – set as a star, and give me a star! 01 Introduction STM32: A product released by STMicroelectronics on June 11, 2007, a 32-bit microcontroller. GD32: A product released by GigaDevice in 2013, which closely imitates STM32 in chip … Read more

Understanding CPUs in Embedded Development

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Understanding CPUs in Embedded Development

CPU is an important part of digital processing systems. In my view, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and DSPs can all be referred to as CPUs, with their emphasis differing. Specifically, traditional microcontrollers are more focused on embedded computing, such as the commonly used 51, AVR, and ARM chips, which not only contain computational and control functions but … Read more

Common Memory Partition Areas in Microcontrollers

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Common Memory Partition Areas in Microcontrollers

Follow+Star public number, don’t miss wonderful content Author | Xing Mo Editor | strongerHuang Seeing some friends discussing the topic of microcontroller memory, today I will describe the common partition areas in conjunction with STM32. In an STM32 program code, from high memory address to low memory address, the stack area, heap area, global area … Read more

Comprehensive Guide to 400 Examples of Microcontroller Programming (1-100)

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Comprehensive Guide to 400 Examples of Microcontroller Programming (1-100)

Follow the blue words to get the “Entry Materials” for the complete tutorial from beginner to advanced on microcontrollers The development board will guide you in, and we will help you soar Written by | Wu Ji (WeChat: 2777492857) The full text is about1582 words, reading takes about 5 minutes Recently, some beginners have consulted … Read more

Do Microcontroller Projects Require Software Architecture?

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Do Microcontroller Projects Require Software Architecture?

Follow+Star Public Account Number, don’t miss out on exciting content Author | strongerHuang WeChat Official Account | Embedded Column It is often heard that someone says: “For such a small project like a microcontroller, why consider software architecture…” Although microcontroller projects are small, they are still projects, as the saying goes, “Though the sparrow is … Read more

Mastering STM32 Microcontroller Serial Communication

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Mastering STM32 Microcontroller Serial Communication

To master the STM32 microcontroller, one cannot do without serial communication. Serial communication uses a protocol called the serial communication protocol to manage data transmission, which controls the data flow during transmission, including data bits, baud rate, parity bits, and stop bits. Due to its simplicity and ease of use, serial communication is widely applied … Read more

Mastering Microcontrollers: From Beginner to Expert

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Mastering Microcontrollers: From Beginner to Expert

Many students mention learning microcontrollers, and they often have the following expression: Seeing others’ programs densely packed, they don’t know where to start. In fact, if you calm down and read others’ programs, you will find a certain pattern, which is often modular. Microcontrollers have a lot of registers, and it’s hard to remember what … Read more

Memory Optimization Techniques in Microcontroller Development (C Language Version)

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Memory Optimization Techniques in Microcontroller Development (C Language Version)

First, let’s talk about As we all know, the biggest difference between microcontroller programming and computer programming is that microcontrollers have very limited resources, and most low-end microcontrollers do not have an operating system. Except for some embedded-level chips that use Linux, most operations are done with simple RTOS, and some simple applications or chips … Read more

Understanding CRC Principles and Applications in Microcontrollers

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Understanding CRC Principles and Applications in Microcontrollers

转自 | 瑞萨嵌入式小百科 CRC：Cyclic Redundancy Check，即循环冗余校验码。 CRC是数据通信领域中最常用的一种查错校验码，其特征是信息字段和校验字段的长度可以任意选定。 循环冗余检查（CRC）是一种数据传输检错功能，对数据进行多项式计算，并将得到的结果附在帧的后面，接收设备也执行类似的算法，以保证数据传输的正确性和完整性。 —来自百度百科 学电子、计算机相关专业的同学都应该学习过CRC的基础原理。其原理说难不难，可以说就是一个公式。同时，说简单也不简单，这个公式里面包含的内容不简单。 点击查看大图 网络上关于CRC基础原理的内容比较多，可以搜索关键词“循环冗余校验”进行查询。 今天结合瑞萨RA MCU自带硬件CRC计算单元给大家讲讲其原理及监听应用。 瑞萨RA单片机硬件CRC计算单元采用固定的多项式发生器来计算8位或者32位数据的CRC校验值，对数据传输或数据存储的一致性、完整性进行验证。这篇文章重点介绍RA MCU中的CRC模块和使用方法。 RA MCU中的CRC 计算单元规格如下： 点击查看大图 注1. 该函数不能划分CRC计算中使用的数据。以8位或32位为单位写入数据。 CRC 计算单元框图如下： 那么接下来就是如何使用了，打开工程中的configuration.xlm文件，在Stacks窗口中，可以通过“New Stack → Monitoring → CRC (r_crc)”添加该模块。该模块的属性窗口如下： 点击查看大图 在应用程序中使用CRC模块的基本例程如下： void crc_example (){uint32_t length;uint32_t uint8_calculated_value;length = sizeof(g_data_8bit) / sizeof(g_data_8bit[0]);crc_input_t example_input ={.p_input_buffer = g_data_8bit,.num_bytes = length,.crc_seed = 0,};/* Open CRC module with 8 … Read more