Every day, there are so many technical insights and cutting-edge technologies to focus on. However, in our field that requires accumulation and sedimentation, many professional terms may already be familiar to you, but you might not know the essence behind them. In the coming days, we will regularly send out interpretations of vocabulary in the embedded industry, so stay tuned!
Arduino
You may have heard of it, perhaps even played with it, and maybe done quite well!
But how did it come about?
Fan Wei said: I don’t want to know how I came to be; I just want to know how I am gone. But for Arduino, you really need to know how it came about!
Developer Massimo Banzi was previously a teacher at a high-tech design school in Ivrea, Italy. His students often complained about not being able to find affordable and usable microcontrollers. In the winter of 2005, Massimo Banzi discussed this issue with David Cuartielles (a Spanish chip engineer who was then a visiting scholar at the school). The two decided to design their own circuit board and brought in Banzi’s student David Mellis to program the programming language for the circuit board.
Two days later
Yes, you read that right, just two days!
David Mellis wrote the code, and three days later, the circuit board was completed.
Because Massimo Banzi liked to go to a bar called di Re Arduino, named after the Italian king Arduin from 1000 years ago. To commemorate this place, he named the circuit board Arduino.
To maintain the open-source design philosophy, they adopted the Creative Commons (CC) licensing method to publicly release the hardware design. Under this license, anyone can produce copies of the circuit board, and even redesign and sell copies of the original design. People do not need to pay any fees and do not need to obtain permission from the Arduino team.
However, if the design is republished, the contributions of the original Arduino team must be acknowledged. If the circuit board is modified, the latest design must use the same or a similar Creative Commons (CC) licensing method to ensure that the new version of the Arduino circuit board remains free and open. The only thing retained is the name Arduino, which is registered as a trademark and cannot be used without official authorization. If someone wants to sell a circuit board under this name, they must pay a trademark fee to the core development team members of Arduino.
Open source is this carefree
From the perspective of embedded development technology, Arduino is not the first choice. To accommodate beginners and even those who are new to electronic development, Arduino has customized many low-level designs, which is one reason why many experienced embedded designers look down on Arduino.
Arduino was indeed born for learning embedded development, but today it has far exceeded the field of embedded development.
In Taiwan, Arduino is referred to as “tech art”; many enthusiasts outside the field of electronic technology have designed and developed many interesting works with rich imagination and creativity.
In mainland China, Arduino is more often seen as a tool for embedded learning and development, but its charm is far beyond that. It can completely serve as a new “toy”, even a new artistic medium, to attract people from various fields to join the magical world of Arduino.
A three-wheeled vehicle controlled by Arduino
An automatic machine that erases whiteboards
An automatic machine that brews coffee when you tweet
You also want to create a more interesting idea, only to discover that there are so many versions of Arduino!
Arduino UNO
Arduino MEGA
Arduino Nano
Arduino is a control chip, functioning similarly to a brain; the brain cannot move or speak on its own. The brain acts like a commander, and Arduino cannot perform practical tasks without the support of peripheral circuits.
Don’t think it is just hardware; there is also software to discuss!
The code structure of Arduino is slightly different from that of general embedded code. General embedded code consists of a main function in a dead loop, where the program continuously executes. The microcontroller reads data from various external ports in each loop, then makes corresponding strategic judgments based on this data, and sends instructions back through external ports to control external devices.
The operation mode of Arduino programs is similar; however, the code structure is slightly different. Arduino code does not have a main function but uses two different required functions:
Void setup()
{
}
Void loop()
{
}
Many friends have probably guessed it; Arduino code places the initialization code in the setup function and the code that needs to be executed repeatedly in the loop function. Although the structure is different from traditional embedded programs, the design philosophy remains consistent.
In summary, Arduino:
Arduino control board + peripheral circuits + programming = the whole world!
The Embedded Engineer Club is just waiting for you to join!
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