When it comes to the protocols we encounter most in computer networks, we cannot ignore the TCP/IP protocol. The TCP/IP protocol is also the most famous protocol on the Internet, so let’s discuss the TCP/IP protocol together.
Historical Background of TCP/IP
Before the TCP/IP protocol existed, back in the 1960s, many countries and regions recognized the importance of communication technology. The U.S. Department of Defense wanted to research a technology that could communicate through alternative routes even if communication lines were destroyed. To achieve this technology, packet networks emerged.
Even during the communication process between two nodes, if several nodes are destroyed, communication between the two nodes can still occur by changing the routes and other means.
This packet network facilitated the birth of ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). ARPANET was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and the earliest predecessor to implement the TCP/IP protocol.
ARPANET was actually planned to be established by the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Therefore, the emergence of computer networks was initially due to military research purposes.
In the 1990s, IOS initiated the international standardization process of OSI, but no substantial progress was made. However, this led to the widespread use of the TCP/IP protocol.
The rapid development of the TCP/IP protocol may be attributed to its standardization. This means that the TCP/IP protocol involves standards that are not present in OSI, and these standards will be the main content of our discussion next.
First, let’s understand the TCP/IP protocol. The TCP/IP protocol refers not only to the TCP and IP protocols but actually to a protocol suite. What is a protocol suite? Simply put, it is a combination of a series of protocols. If someone asks you what protocols are included in TCP/IP, you can show them the following image.
