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Introduction
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Implementing High Cohesion and Low Coupling with C Language
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Microcontroller Study: Typical 8051 Chip Pins
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Secure Boot (Part 2) Basic Concepts and Framework
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STM32G4 NVIC Interrupt System
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STM32 Smart Home Project Design
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Project Practice Part 4: STM32 Smart Car Hardware Connections (Wiring Part)
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A Billionaire Beauty Asked a Junior Developer, Can the Serial Port Transmit My Love?
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Countless Real Attempts, Resolved – Error: Flash Download Failed
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STM32 GPIO Ports
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ESP32S Compilation Error for Development Board Node32S.
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Microcontroller Recruitment Bulletin
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Microcontroller Project Supply and Demand Information
Implementing High Cohesion and Low Coupling with C Language
1. Principles
Low coupling means that modules should exist as independently as possible. While some connection between modules is inevitable, the interfaces between them should be minimal and simple. Thus, high cohesion from the perspective of each module’s internal characteristics, and low coupling from the perspective of the relationships between modules, impose requirements on our design.
Many technologies and design principles that have emerged in the development process of program design and software engineering can be interpreted from the perspective of cohesion and coupling. As beginners in C programming, we will explore how to achieve high cohesion and low coupling based on our current understanding of functions.
Regarding low coupling, the lowest degree of coupling is non-direct coupling, meaning that the relationship between two functions is entirely achieved through the control and invocation of a common calling function, resulting in the weakest coupling and the strongest independence of functions. However, it is clearly unrealistic for a group of functions to have no data transfer. Next, we pursue data coupling, where only simple data parameters are passed between the calling function and the called function, such as functions that use value-passing methods.
Some functions…
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Microcontroller Study: Typical 8051 Chip Pins 2022-08-05 16:18:40
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Secure Boot (Part 2) Basic Concepts and Framework 2022-09-21 10:16:57
What is Secure Boot?
Secure boot refers to the process or mechanism that ensures the integrity of programs running on a platform. Secure boot establishes a trust relationship between firmware and applications. When secure boot is enabled, unsigned firmware or programs cannot run on the device.
This mechanism can protect the operating system from malicious attacks. Secure boot generally uses public/private keys to verify the legitimacy of firmware and application signatures.
Why is Secure Boot Needed?
Embedded devices typically start from bootrom, progressively loading spl, uboot, linux, and application programs.
This process begins with bootrom, progressively launching the linux operating system through spl and uboot.
Assuming that spl, uboot, and the linux image are stored on flash, during startup, each level of boot program needs to load the next level of boot image from flash.
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STM32G4 NVIC Interrupt System 2022-09-21
Introduction
The STM32G431 has a total of 111 interrupt sources, so it is inevitable that two or more interrupts may occur simultaneously, or that a new interrupt may arrive while handling an interrupt service function. How should the microcontroller operate in such situations?
Microcontrollers have a mechanism for handling interrupts, and the mechanism used in STM32 series chips is: NVIC.
NVIC: Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller
In STM32, NVIC is a peripheral tightly coupled with the CM4 core. NVIC controls all interrupt-related functions in the chip and is an integral part of the core.
However, various chip manufacturers may trim the NVIC in the CM4 core during chip design, removing unnecessary parts. Therefore, the STM32 NVIC is a subset of the CM4 NVIC.
The CM4 core supports 256 interrupts, including 16 system exceptions and 240 external interrupts.
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STM32 Smart Home Project Design 2021-10-29 21:03:10
Article Directory [Hide] Introduction
STM32 End Program Design Function Introduction Specific Implementation Temperature and Humidity Collection Light Intensity Collection Receiving and Processing Serial USART2 Data Controlling LEDs and Buzzers
ESP8266 End Program Design Function Introduction Specific Implementation Complete Code
Android End Program Design Function Introduction Specific Implementation Adding MQTT Dependencies Permissions Configuration Display Interface Interface Control
Effect Preview
Introduction
This project is the final project design for the embedded course. It did not turn out well (please don’t criticize too harshly…), especially the STM32 data processing part, as I just started learning STM32 and I am also a bit rusty with using pointers in C language (although I have learned it before, I forgot most of it). I was hesitant to use it casually, so some code designs are not good and can only accomplish simple functions. The ESP8266 uses the NodeMCU development board, developed with Arduino IDE (because there are many existing libraries and abundant materials). The APP was made using Android Studio, from the network.
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Project Practice Part 4: STM32 Smart Car Hardware Connections (Wiring Part) 2022-09-21
From the previous articles, we have roughly understood the basic hardware selection and composition framework of the car. The next step is to begin the practical part, and the first part of the practical work is the basic wiring of the hardware, which is mainly divided into the power drive part, the development board part, and the sensor part.
First, let’s look at the wiring methods for the driver module, motor, and power supply. Refer to the driver module in the image below:
1) First, the left and right sides have output A and output B, which connect to two motors.
2) The three-terminal blue wiring base has 12V input, GND, and 5V output. The 12V connects to the battery for power supply, while the 5V can be used to power the development board.
3) Logic input: This is the 4P black pin header part, which connects to the 4 IOs of the development board, corresponding to the IO configuration in the code.
Thus, the wiring for a single driver board is completed. However, our car is 4WD, requiring two driver boards for 4WD control. How should the wiring be done? I have drawn a simple diagram for reference.
Copyright Notice: This article is authored by CSDN blogger ‘nandyco’
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A Billionaire Beauty Asked a Junior Developer, Can the Serial Port Transmit My Love? 2022-09-21
In the previous section, we briefly discussed the memory-to-memory routine in DMA. This section explains how to configure DMA for data transfer from memory to peripherals. WB32 has many peripherals, but when it comes to DMA transferring data from memory to peripherals, it generally refers to using the serial port as the peripheral. In this section, we…
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Countless Real Attempts, Resolved – Error: Flash Download Failed 2022-09-21
Record of the Learning Process
After learning STM32, I completed the task assigned by my teacher to verify my learning. After soldering the STM32 minimum system and the USB power supply and 5V-3.3V module, I found that the 3.3V module had issues.
Later, I blew the STM32 down due to a technical issue, losing two pins—truly heartbreaking for a poor student!
Always verify that the 3.3V module is working properly before soldering the STM32 minimum system. The 1117 is very fragile, and be careful not to mess up the pin packaging!
Next, I will explain the STM32 SWD download mode. I am using STM32F103RCT6.
After confirming that the minimum module and voltage conversion are working correctly, I attempted to download the program, which worked at the time. However, later, while debugging the LCD display module, I… well, things went downhill.
As you can see, the pink one failed, while the red one downloaded successfully.
But later, no matter what I did, it just wouldn’t work. I spent a long time on it, searched for a lot of information online, and everything regarding the magic wand settings was fine, but I just couldn’t download!
Plus, at that time, my soldering station was being used by a classmate, and I didn’t believe it. How did it start?
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STM32 GPIO Ports 2022-09-21
Article Directory [Hide] Pull-up Resistor Structure
Pull-up Resistor Structure
Push-pull Output
GPIO: General Purpose Input & Output
STM32 chips have GPIOA, GPIOB…GPIOG, etc., with a maximum of 16 pins (Pin0, Pin1…Pin15) for each port.
Each I/O port of STM32 can be programmed freely, but the I/O port registers must be accessed in 32-bit words. Each I/O port of STM32 is controlled by 7 registers.
STM32 GPIO ports can be configured by software into 8 modes:
Push-pull output, open-drain output, push-pull multiplexed functions, open-drain multiplexed functions;
Analog input, floating input, pull-down input, pull-up input.
GPIO Level Output HAL Library Function
void HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, GPIO
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ESP32S Compilation Error for Development Board Node32S 2022-09-21 00:23:09
Source Code
#include
#define led_type WS2812 // LED type
#define led_pin 14 // Control pin
#define color GRB // RGB LED order: red, green, blue
#define num 30 // Number of LEDs
#include
#if !defined(CONFIG_BT_ENABLED) || !defined(CONFIG_BLUEDROID_ENABLED)
#error Bluetooth is not enabled! Please run ‘make menuconfig’ to enable it
#endif // Check if Bluetooth is enabled, if not, please run to enable it
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