When it comes to microcontrollers (MCUs), the first thing that comes to mind is that they have many input/output (I/O) ports, which can be difficult to distinguish. As the core of embedded systems, they can communicate with external devices or sensors. However, the presence of I/O ports often makes learning challenging for many people. This … Read more
1. Introduction In electronic circuit design, there might be a situation where the microcontroller has no DAC resources and no spare PWM ports available. The only remaining option is a UART. So how can we output an analog voltage through this port? By using the microcontroller’s port, we can output a square wave signal with … Read more
The STM32F103VCT6 features two 12-bit DACs. The conversion speed of the DAC has not been confirmed, but some online sources suggest a frequency of 1MHz, which means 1us. The ADC conversion time at a working frequency of 56MHz is 1us, and at 72MHz it is 1.17us. If there is a symmetrical relationship between AD and … Read more
01 STM32F373 Signal Acquisition and Control 1. Introduction Due to the need to update a circuit board designed based on an old controller chip, this morning we will use the STM32F373 microcontroller to design a signal acquisition and control circuit board. First, we will design and produce it, and then proceed to software debugging. AD\XQWF\2024\CLDesign\Ver2\CLMainF373.PcbDoc … Read more
Introduction Uh, why am I writing this tutorial~I don’t know either!Ah, too much to say brings tears, it’s hard, so competitive~ The following content is my personal understanding, and there may be errors in the explanations of technical terms, so I hope the readers will point them out, thank you very much! Basic Concepts Returning … Read more
Source:Failure Analysis and Reliability Testing of Semiconductor Components Author:Chip Failure Analysis With the prosperity of modern electronic products, chips have become an indispensable component of various electronic devices. Although chips may sound somewhat abstract, they can actually be categorized into different types. Let’s explore some common types of chips together. 1. Microcontroller (MCU) A microcontroller … Read more
A design is needed for an isolated circuit that outputs a variable voltage of 0~12V, with the isolated side powered by 12V. There are no specific speed requirements for the output voltage. The accuracy is not particularly critical, as it just needs to stabilize once set. The design uses an optocoupler driven by the PWM … Read more
NAD was established in 1972, and over fifty years later, it continues to be at the forefront of product design and philosophy, bringing us many surprises through new technologies, such as this little black box we are discussing today—the NAD C700. 1. Usage Scenarios Overall dimensions: 218 x 96 x 266 mm. Upon first seeing … Read more
Overview In the design of high-speed analog signal chains, the layout and routing of the printed circuit board (PCB) need to consider many options, some of which are more important than others, while others depend on the application. The final answers vary, but in all cases, design engineers should consider the overall picture rather than … Read more
Acquisition Time Acquisition time is the time required for the sample-and-hold circuit to stabilize the sample capacitor voltage within 1 LSB range of the new input value after releasing the hold state.The formula for acquisition time (Tacq) is as follows: Aliasing According to the sampling theorem, input signal frequencies above the Nyquist frequency are referred … Read more