Fundamentals of Networking 1、OSI（Open System Interconnection）Open System Interconnection Model Seven-layer model: Layer 1: Physical Layer : Transmission of raw bit streams over mechanical, electronic, and timing interfaces communication channels Layer 2: Data Link Layer: Physical addressing, while transforming the raw bit stream into logical transmission lines Layer 3: Network Layer: Controls the operation of subnets, … Read more
Click the blue text above to follow us Resource Release Huawei Certification Beginner to Advanced Practical Course ↓ Scan to watch practical videos ↓ IPv4 and IPv6 Headers IP is the core protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite, and all TCP, UDP, ICMP, and IGMP data is transmitted via IP datagrams. IP provides a best-effort, … Read more
4 Network Layer IP The transmission of packets mainly goes through Application Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, and Link Layer. Following the explanation of the application layer HTTP and Transport Layer TCP, the application layer data is encapsulated by the transport layer and then needs to be encapsulated by the network layer. The core task … Read more
The Concept of OSI: Open System Interconnect is a reference model defined by ISO (International Organization for Standardization). It is a flexible, robust, and interoperable model, not a protocol, commonly used to analyze and design network architecture. The OSI model is divided into seven layers: OSI divides the network into seven layers, from bottom to … Read more
As we all know, the TCP/IP model is the foundational model for most network communications today, and its basic function is to define the technical framework for interconnecting devices. Through it, networks around the world can interconnect, and information can be exchanged globally. The protocol stack is also known as the communication stack. When we … Read more
1. Introduction to TCP/IP The IP protocol is the network layer, the TCP protocol is the transport layer, the HTTP protocol is the application layer, and socket is the code encapsulation and application of the TCP/IP protocol. TCP/IP mainly addresses how data is transmitted over the network, while HTTP mainly deals with how to package … Read more
1. TCP/IP Protocol Model TCP/IP Protocol (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), includes a series of network protocols that form the foundation of the internet and is the core protocol of the Internet. The reference model based on TCP/IP divides the protocols into four layers: Network Interface Layer, Internet Layer, Transport Layer, and Application Layer. Exam Tips: … Read more
Cisco Certification | Huawei Certification | IT Technology | Network Engineer 👇 3000 people technical exchange QQ group Note [Official Account] for faster approval In the wave of digitalization, we interact with various network devices and applications every day. But have you ever thought about what enables these devices to communicate smoothly and achieve seamless … Read more
This article organizes knowledge related to the TCP-IP protocol through two diagrams. The TCP communication process includes three steps: establishing a TCP connection channel, transmitting data, and disconnecting the TCP connection channel. As shown in Figure 1, a schematic diagram of the TCP communication process is provided. Figure 1 TCP Three-Way Handshake and Four-Way Disconnect … Read more
The TCP/IP protocol is a transport layer protocol that mainly addresses how data is transmitted over the network, while HTTP is an application layer protocol that mainly deals with how to package the data. Regarding the relationship between TCP/IP and HTTP protocols, there is a relatively easy-to-understand introduction on the internet: “When we transmit data, … Read more