“Learning Kubernetes from Scratch” 01 — Introduction to Pod Controllers A Pod is the smallest management unit in Kubernetes. In Kubernetes, Pods can be classified into two categories based on how they are created: 1. Standalone Pods: Pods that are created directly by Kubernetes. Once deleted, these Pods do not exist anymore and will not … Read more
“Learning Kubernetes from Scratch“ Deployment (Deploy) To better address the issue of service orchestration, Kubernetes introduced the Deployment controller starting from version 1.2. It is worth mentioning that this controller does not directly manage Pods but instead manages ReplicaSets to indirectly manage Pods. In other words, the Deployment manages ReplicaSets, and ReplicaSets manage Pods, making … Read more
1. Introduction: Why is Chaos Engineering Needed? In the cloud-native era, system complexity is growing exponentially, and traditional testing methods can no longer cover all failure scenarios. Chaos Engineering is a proactive experimental approach that injects faults to help us discover system weaknesses before real failures occur in production environments. As a CNCF incubated project, … Read more
Essential Tool for Kubernetes Operations: A Comprehensive Guide to Creating BusyBox Containers In daily operations and development work, we often need lightweight tools to quickly execute diagnostic commands, test network connections, or verify service statuses. <span>BusyBox</span> is such a powerful toolset with extremely low resource consumption, integrating various commonly used Unix tools like <span>sh</span>, <span>ls</span>, … Read more
1. KVM + QEMU + libvirt Stack KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a Linux kernel module that allows user-space programs to access hardware virtualization features of various processors. It enables the kernel to function as a hypervisor. KVM itself does not simulate hardware but delegates these tasks to higher-level client applications like QEMU. QEMU (Quick … Read more
Container Technology File Isolation: chroot Access Isolation: namespaces Resource Isolation: cgroups LXC: Linux Containers What is a Container A completely new way of packaging and deploying software. It encapsulates the application and its dependencies (including code, runtime, system tools, system libraries, etc.) Differences Between Docker and VM Docker is an application layer abstraction, where containers … Read more
Click the “blue text” above to follow us Late-night overtime, just about to leave, suddenly the production environment alarms go off! Checking logs, monitoring, troubleshooting… After two hours of hassle, I found out it was a cascading failure caused by a timeout in a dependent service. Sigh! Does this situation sound familiar? In a microservices … Read more
This article shares the concepts related to Pod scheduling, preemption, and eviction, which are mostly theoretical but very important and often asked in interviews. I hope you can read it patiently! Kubernetes (K8s), as a container orchestration platform, has mechanisms for <span>Scheduling</span>, <span>Preemption</span>, and <span>Eviction</span> that are key to ensuring reasonable allocation of cluster resources, … Read more
This content is a translation and organization of the performance evaluation by the well-known performance reviewer Anton Putra Fiber vs. Gin vs. Go (stdlib): Performance (Latency – Throughput – Saturation – Availability)[1]: Performance (Latency – Throughput – Saturation – Availability), with appropriate reductions, and the relevant content and conclusions are based on the original source. … Read more
1. What is a Makefile In software development, a Makefile is a script file used for automating the build and management of projects, typically used in conjunction with the make tool. Its core objective is to automate tasks such as compilation, testing, packaging, and deployment. Makefile standardizes commands through declarative rules and dependencies, unifying the … Read more