1. Basic Principles and Classification of D/A Converters T-type Resistor Network D/A Converter: 2. Correspondence between Output Voltage and Digital Quantity 3. Main Performance Indicators of D/A Converters 1. Resolution Resolution refers to the change in the corresponding output analog quantity (voltage or current) when the least significant bit (LSB) of the input digital quantity … Read more
Among all device characteristics, noise can be a particularly challenging and difficult design topic.This article mainly discusses the impact of clock noise on high-speed DAC phase noise. Sources of DAC Phase Noise For high-speed DACs, phase noise primarily comes from the following aspects: clock noise, power supply noise, as well as internal noise and interface … Read more
Protein Hydrolysis Targeted Chimeras (PROTAC) are bringing revolutionary changes to the fields of biology and medicinal chemistry. PROTAC consists of a target protein ligand, an E3 ligase ligand, and a spacer group[Unlike the linker used in antibody-drug conjugates, here we specifically use “spacer” instead of the commonly seen “linker” in PROTAC literature]. PROTAC structural composition … Read more
What are ABC, ABD, ABS, ASR, BAS, DAC, DSC, EBA, EBD, EDS, ESP? Today we will provide a comprehensive explanation—-■ What is ABC? ABC is the Active Body Control system. The ABC system allows for quicker and more precise control of a car’s roll, pitch, yaw, bounce, and body height. With reduced body roll and … Read more
1. Introduction This morning, I conducted experimental tests on the output linear errors of different channels in the circuit DAC network. A friend commented on the video, suggesting an analysis of the internal resistance of the microcontroller on the output linear error. Below, I hope to obtain the impact of the microcontroller’s internal resistance on … Read more
To improve the DMPK characteristics, many studies have explored the coupling of PROTAC payloads with monoclonal antibodies to create a new molecule known as “Antibody-Drug Conjugates (DAC).” This allows for more effective delivery of PROTAC degraders in vivo. ▲ Structure of DAC (Image Source: Reference 1) Compared to PROTAC molecules, DAC has several potential advantages: … Read more
1. Introduction Today, I derived the output formula for an 8-bit resistor DAC, calculating the impact of the microcontroller’s IO port resistance on the DAC’s linear accuracy. Now that I have some time left, I will patiently derive the analytical formula for the output voltage of a 15-bit DAC to verify whether the microcontroller’s IO … Read more
What are ABC, ABD, ABS, ASR, BAS, DAC, DSC, EBA, EBD, EDS, ESP? Do you think they are just simple English letters? It’s not that simple in the automotive world. Today, we will give you a comprehensive interpretation. ABC——Active Body Control System The ABC system allows for quicker and more precise control of the car’s … Read more
The International Energy Agency (IEA) recently released a report on “Direct Air Capture” which highlights the increasing significance of Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology in achieving net zero pathways. Capturing carbon dioxide directly from the air and permanently sequestering it not only reduces atmospheric CO2 but also provides a solution for residual emissions while serving … Read more
To deliver chemotherapy drugs more effectively, small molecule drug conjugates (SMDC), antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), and degrader-antibody conjugates (DAC) have been explored and developed, providing selective delivery while improving the therapeutic index. What are their similarities and differences? What are their respective advantages? What is the current state of research? What does the future hold? This … Read more