01
Core Standards: Technical Requirements and Testing Framework
GB/T 9813.1-2016 focuses on “functionality, reliability, and safety,” clearly defining the mandatory and optional testing items for desktop computers, which include:
Basic Performance: CPU computing power, memory read/write speed, hard disk storage performance (e.g., SSD random IOPS);
Structure and Appearance: Shell materials (e.g., impact resistance of metal/plastic), interface layout (physical specifications and compatibility of USB/HDMI/network ports);
Environmental Adaptability: Temperature (-10℃~40℃), humidity (10%~90% RH), vibration (5~500Hz, acceleration 1~10g), shock (10g, 11ms);
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC): Radiated emissions (RE), conducted emissions (CE), electrostatic discharge (ESD), radio frequency immunity (RS);
Safety Requirements: Electric shock protection (insulation resistance of the shell ≥1MΩ), fire resistance (material flame retardant rating ≥V-2), mechanical safety (no sharp edges on the shell).
Laboratory testing should focus on the above indicators, selecting mandatory items based on product positioning (e.g., home, commercial, industrial) to ensure comprehensive coverage.
02
Key Technical Points: Main Steps in Laboratory Testing
1. Performance Testing: Quantifying Computing and Storage Capabilities
Performance is the core competitiveness of desktop computers, and laboratories must verify through professional tools whether their “computing power” and “storage capacity” meet standards:
CPU Testing: Using tools like Cinebench R23/R24 to test multi-core/single-core computing performance (e.g., R23 multi-core score ≥15000 pts is the qualification line for commercial machines);
Memory Testing: Using MemTest86+ to check memory stability (running continuously for 24 hours without errors) and verifying bandwidth in dual-channel/four-channel modes (e.g., DDR4-3200 dual-channel bandwidth ≥25.6GB/s);
Hard Disk Testing: Using CrystalDiskMark to evaluate SSD sequential read/write (e.g., sequential read ≥3500MB/s), 4K random IOPS (e.g., ≥500K IOPS), and mechanical hard disks must verify seek time (≤12ms).
Key Control: Testing must be conducted in standard environments (23℃±2℃, 50% RH±10%) to avoid fluctuations in temperature and humidity affecting results.
2. Environmental Adaptability Testing: Simulating Extreme Scenarios
Desktop computers must adapt to various scenarios such as home, office, and industrial workshops. The laboratory simulates extreme conditions using temperature and humidity chambers, vibration tables, etc.:
Temperature Cycle Testing: Cycling between -10℃ (low-temperature startup) → 25℃ (normal operation) → 40℃ (high-temperature full load) five times, with each cycle including 2 hours of stable operation, verifying whether the cooling system (e.g., fan speed, heat pipe efficiency) can maintain core component temperatures ≤85℃ (CPU), ≤95℃ (GPU);
Vibration Testing: Using an electric vibration table to apply random vibrations of 5~500Hz (acceleration 1~10g) for 30 minutes, checking whether internal components (e.g., hard disk, motherboard) become loose or have poor contact due to vibration;
Humidity Storage Testing: Storing for 1000 hours in an environment of 85℃/85% RH, verifying whether circuit boards (e.g., PCIe slots, interfaces) experience oxidation or short circuits due to moisture.
3. EMC Testing: Ensuring Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMC is key for desktop computers to work in harmony with peripheral devices. The laboratory must complete this using an EMC testing system (e.g., R&S EMC32):
Radiated Emissions (RE): Scanning the 30MHz~1GHz frequency band, ensuring radiation intensity ≤40dBμV/m (compliant with CISPR 22 Class B);
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD): Applying ±8kV contact discharge to interfaces (e.g., USB, network ports) to verify whether the device restarts or functions abnormally;
Radio Frequency Immunity (RS): Applying 10V/m radio frequency interference in the 80MHz~1GHz frequency band to test whether signal transmission (e.g., Wi-Fi, HDMI) is interrupted.
4. Safety and Structural Testing: Protecting User Rights
Electric Shock Protection: Using a megohmmeter to measure insulation resistance between the shell and ground (≥1MΩ), and simulating finger contact with live components (e.g., power interface) to verify leakage current ≤0.5mA;
Mechanical Safety: Checking whether the edges of the shell (e.g., chassis cutting surface) are beveled (radius ≥1mm) to avoid user scratches;
Interface Durability: Conducting 10,000 insertion and removal tests on USB interfaces to verify that contact resistance changes ≤5% (ensuring stable signals).
03
Laboratory Testing Process and Result Determination
1. Preprocessing and Initial Inspection
Samples must be preprocessed in a standard environment for 24 hours (to eliminate transport stress) and visually inspected (no scratches, deformations), interface functionality (e.g., USB can recognize USB drives), and power-on self-test (no error codes).
2. Execution of Itemized Testing
Performance Testing: Sequentially completing benchmark tests for CPU, memory, and hard disk, recording scores and stability data;
Environmental Testing: Executing in the order of temperature and humidity cycling → vibration → humidity storage, checking functionality after each stage (e.g., whether it can shut down normally under high-temperature full load);
EMC Testing: First testing radiated emissions (RE), then immunity (ESD, RS), ensuring no functional failures;
Safety Testing: Completing insulation resistance, electric shock protection, and interface durability tests, marking failure points (e.g., poor contact after 5000 insertions/removals of a USB interface).
3. Result Determination and Reporting
Qualification Standards: All mandatory items must meet standards (e.g., performance scores ≥90% of nominal values, EMC radiation ≤ limits, no functional failures in environmental testing);
Non-compliance Handling: If any item fails to meet standards (e.g., CPU temperature exceeds 90℃ at high temperatures), the cause must be identified (e.g., thermal paste failure, insufficient fan speed), rectified, and retested;
Report Output: Includes testing data (e.g., Cinebench scores, temperature and humidity curves), failure analysis (e.g., specific frequency bands exceeding EMC radiation limits), and improvement suggestions (e.g., replacing thermal paste, optimizing shielding design).
About Xunke
Shenzhen Xunke Standard Technical Service Co., Ltd. is a national high-tech enterprise recognized through various certifications, having obtained authoritative recognitions and authorizations such as CMA inspection and testing agency measurement certification, CNAS China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment, and International Safe Transport Association recognition. The company covers an area of over 3000 square meters and possesses advanced testing equipment. We provide comprehensive testing and certification services in various fields including electronics, industrial products, consumer goods, trade goods, new materials, and new energy, including toxic and harmful substance testing, safety testing, EMC testing, environmental safety testing, reliability and failure analysis of electronic and electrical products, material performance and analysis, textile, footwear, leather testing, toy product testing, building materials and light industry product testing, automotive and component testing, food packaging and contact material testing, semiconductor and related field testing and analysis.
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