Terminal Shortcuts
Taking Ubuntu as an example, others are similar
| Shortcut | Function |
|---|---|
| tab | Auto-complete |
| ctrl+a | Move cursor to the beginning |
| ctrl+e | Move cursor to the end |
| ctrl+k | Delete from cursor to the end |
| ctrl+u | Delete from cursor to the beginning |
| ctrl+d | Delete current character |
| ctrl+h | Delete the character before the current character |
| ctrl+w | Delete the word to the left of the cursor |
| ctrl+y | Paste words deleted by ctrl+u, ctrl+d, or ctrl+w |
| ctrl+l | Equivalent to clear, i.e., clear the screen |
| ctrl+r | Search command history |
| ctrl+b | Move cursor backward |
| ctrl+f | Move cursor forward |
| ctrl+t | Swap the character at the cursor with the previous character |
| ctrl+& | Restore content deleted by ctrl+h, ctrl+d, or ctrl+w |
| ctrl+s | Pause screen output |
| ctrl+q | Resume screen output |
| ctrl+left-arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the previous word |
| ctrl+right-arrow | Move cursor to the end of the next word |
| ctrl+p | Show previous command from history |
| ctrl+n | Show next command from history |
| ctrl+d | Close terminal |
| ctrl+xx | Move to the end of line and current cursor position |
| ctrl+x@ | Show possible hostname completions |
| ctrl+c | Terminate process/command |
| shift | +up or down to scroll terminal |
| shift+pgup/pgdn | Scroll up or down in terminal |
| ctrl+shift+n | New terminal |
| alt+f2 | Type gnome-terminal to open terminal |
| shift+ctrl+t | Open a new tab |
| shift+ctrl+w | Close tab |
| shift+ctrl+c | Copy |
| shift+ctrl+v | Paste |
| alt+number | Switch to the corresponding tab |
| shift+ctrl+n | Open a new terminal window |
| shift+ctrl+q | Close terminal window |
| shift+ctrl+pgup/pgdn | Move tabs left or right |
| ctrl+pgup/pgdn | Switch tabs |
| f1 | Open help guide |
| f10 | Activate menu bar |
| f11 | Toggle fullscreen |
| alt+f | Open “File” menu |
| alt+e | Open “Edit” menu |
| alt+v | Open “View” menu |
| alt+s | Open “Search” menu |
| alt+t | Open “Terminal” menu |
| alt+h | Open “Help” menu |
Differences between ctrl-c, ctrl-z, and ctrl-d
-
ctrl-c: (kill foreground process) Sends a SIGINT signal to all processes in the foreground process group, forcibly terminating the execution of the program.
-
ctrl-z: (suspend foreground process) Sends a SIGTSTP signal to all processes in the foreground process group, commonly used to suspend a process rather than end it. The user can use
<span>fg</span>/<span>bg</span>commands to resume execution of the foreground or background process.<span>fg</span>resumes the suspended process in the foreground, at which point you can use ctrl-z to suspend it again,<span>bg</span>resumes the suspended process in the background, at which point you cannot use ctrl-z to suspend it again,<span>jobs</span>to view.A commonly used feature:
When using vi to edit a file and needing to execute a shell command to query some required information, you can use ctrl-z to suspend vi, execute the shell command, and then use fg to resume vi to continue editing your file (of course, you can also execute shell commands within vi using the !command method).
-
ctrl-d: (Terminate input, or exit shell) A special binary value representing EOF, equivalent to entering exit and pressing enter in the terminal.