The structural integrity of bridges is a crucial component of transportation routes. As service levels improve, the performance of bridge structures declines under various stresses and natural disasters, leading to structural damage that is often unavoidable and can even result in catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is essential to establish health monitoring systems on these bridge structures, conduct safety inspections, and provide real-time updates to bridge administrators regarding the condition of the bridges. Bridge structure monitoring is a building block that utilizes sensor systems to capture structural responses in real-time. These sensor systems store and analyze dynamic responses to a central processor to capture characteristic data sensitive to structural damage. Various damage diagnosis techniques are employed to assess the current state of bridge structures and analyze their conditions.
How wireless sensor networks work: Within a defined spatial range, a certain number and type of sensor elements are deployed at specific locations as needed, forming a network capable of comprehensive detection and scanning within this spatial range. In this network, different sensor elements at various locations and of different types play their respective roles, collecting various information data from the space and transmitting this data to a control system. The control system analyzes the transmitted data to achieve comprehensive and accurate real-time monitoring of the objects to be monitored within the spatial range.
The bridge health monitoring system is a comprehensive system that integrates various high-tech fields, including sensor technology, structural effect analysis technology, computer technology, and communication technology. The main working principle of the bridge health monitoring system is to collect and analyze changes in bridge structures caused by environmental variations and vehicle loads, using this analysis to assess the health status of the bridge. The bridge monitoring system can monitor the load and environmental effects on the bridge, structural damage, etc., in real-time, providing scientific guidance for the maintenance and repair of the bridge.
The subsystem of wireless sensors forms the foundational basis and data source of the bridge health monitoring system, primarily consisting of various monitoring sensors for different purposes and their auxiliary facilities. The content of bridge health monitoring mainly includes: crack monitoring, environmental monitoring, deformation monitoring, vibration monitoring, temperature monitoring, strain monitoring, cable force monitoring, and live load monitoring. The specific monitoring content should be determined based on the structural form and stress characteristics of the bridge.
The Ministry of Transport will further improve the operational monitoring mechanism for long bridges, strengthen the analysis and research of monitoring data, and establish a system operation evaluation mechanism based on departmental data platforms and provincial monitoring platforms, compiling annual reports on the safe operation of road bridges.
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