Reading Tip: This article is approximately 4094 words, reading time is 5 minutes 1. Fault Phenomenon When the client accesses the target website, it can normally access the external network and return a 200 status code during the initial connection establishment phase. However, subsequent client requests continuously encounter errors, receiving a 502 Bad Gateway error … Read more
Common Terminology Electrical Equipment PLC Local automation, process controllers On-site control for production lines, pump stations, gate stations, etc. RTU Data acquisition, communication Remote sensing stations for meteorology, hydrology, etc. Relay Sensor IoT Card May have directional or bound devices Protocols Hardware Protocols RS-485 OSI physical layer differential signal twisted pair, Usually 2-wire half-duplex or … Read more
Click to follow our public account for practical technical articlesStay updated Some friends have asked if we can talk about the usage of the ping command. We have mentioned some command uses before, but we haven’t elaborated on the ping command. Generally, we only use its basic functions. Today, let’s take a detailed look at … Read more
Whether you are setting up a server at home, managing a small local area network, or simply enjoy tinkering with Linux systems, these commands are worth mastering. Learning them will significantly enhance your network debugging and analysis capabilities. 1. <span>iftop</span> — The “Speedometer” of Network Traffic If you have used <span>top</span> to check CPU and … Read more
EtherCAT, with its high speed, real-time performance, and high precision, has become the preferred communication protocol for control systems in the field of industrial automation. However, its strict dependence on network quality and device configuration means that once anomalies occur, the difficulty and time cost of troubleshooting and repair can significantly increase. Achieving more efficient … Read more
ctsTraffic: A Powerful Network Performance Analysis Tool In today’s complex and ever-changing network environment, analyzing network performance and reliability has become particularly important. ctsTraffic is a highly scalable client/server network tool developed by Microsoft that provides detailed performance and reliability analysis. It is suitable for a wide range of scenarios, from small devices to high-bandwidth … Read more
Hello everyone, this is Linux Enthusiast Engineer. In this article, I will share 20 hardcore commands for efficiently analyzing log files using Shell. During this May Day holiday, I used these commands to troubleshoot 99% of log issues, which are simple yet effective. Let’s take a look! Source: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000009745139 I run a small website on … Read more
Previously, an article analyzed the reasons for packet loss in bonded network interfaces and their solutions. This article will detail the root causes of packet loss in bonded network interfaces and dynamically analyze the kernel using the bpftrace tool. We will also use dropwatch to observe packet loss in the kernel: Packet loss occurs in … Read more
0x00->Overview On the official Kali website, the introduction to 0trace states: “This package is a routing tracing tool that can run on existing open TCP connections, allowing it to easily bypass certain types of stateful packet filters.” This tool is pre-installed in the Kali system. In Linux systems, it can be obtained using the command: … Read more
1. What is an HTTP Packet What is HTTP HTTP: (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for transferring hypertext from World Wide Web (WWW) servers to local browsers. HTTP is a protocol based on the TCP/IP communication protocol for transmitting data (HTML files, image files, query results, etc.). HTTP is an application layer protocol, … Read more