Ethernet (Ethernet network) is a network that everyone is very familiar with. It was created by Xerox and jointly developed by Xerox, Intel, and DEC as a baseband local area network specification. It is the most widely used communication protocol standard for existing local area networks today, including standard Ethernet (10Mbit/s), Fast Ethernet (100Mbit/s), and … Read more
PROFIBUS Transmission Technology (Physical Layer) and DP Communication In the ISO/OSI reference model, the first layer defines the “physical” methods of data transmission. This includes encoding types and the transmission standards used (e.g., RS 485). PROFIBUS provides various transmission technologies for the first layer: RS 485, RS 485-IS, MBP, and fiber optic transmission technology. Traditional … Read more
As one of the many members of the fieldbus family, ProfiBus is the most widely used fieldbus standard in the European industrial sector and is also one of the internationally accepted fieldbus standards. ProfiBus is a SIMITAC network belonging to the unit-level and field-level, suitable for transmitting small to medium amounts of data. Its openness … Read more
PROFIBUS (Process Field Bus) is the iconic protocol in the field of industrial fieldbus communication, fundamentally changing the way communication occurs in traditional industrial environments. This article will delve into this important industrial communication technology, helping readers gain a comprehensive understanding of the working principles and practical applications of PROFIBUS. The Past and Present of … Read more
PROFIBUS Connectors and Termination Resistors The connectors are used to connect the PROFIBUS cable to the PROFIBUS stations (as shown in Figure 1). Figure 1 Use of PROFIBUS Connectors On the PROFIBUS connector, there is an incoming port (In) and an outgoing port (Out), which connect to the previous and next stations respectively. 1. Each … Read more
Profibus Wiring Whether forming an MPI or a PROFIBUS-DP network, the main components used are the same: PROFIBUS cable: There are various cable models, among which the most basic is the PROFIBUS FC (Fast Connect) standard cable (order number 6XV1 830-0EH10). PROFIBUS network connectors: There are also various forms of network connectors, such as different … Read more
Before joining Tencent, I had never really developed a complete project in C++. However, I was quickly thrown into the deep end, as the people at Tencent particularly enjoy using C++, and they do it exceptionally well. This time, I would like to recommend an open-source C++ project for those who love C++ or want … Read more
This video tutorial shares knowledge related to the CANopen protocol stack, covering a lot of content. Additionally, the H7-TOOL CANopen parsing function has been officially released. Video Tutorial (Set to 1080p for best view): Video Outline:References:1. CANopen example routine templates and dictionary tools based on V7, using the CANFD2 interface. Next video will share V5, … Read more
Application Background In practical scenarios, we often need to collect subdomains of target sites, usually using tools like subdomain excavators, oneforall, etc., or space search engines like fofa, shodan, and eagle map, or Google syntax. Besides the conventional methods, we can also utilize the Linux text processing tools we learned earlier to collect subdomains. Steps … Read more
This article is a popular science introduction to LoRaWAN. You have probably seen countless superficial articles about LoRaWAN in your social circles, and it’s time to get some real technical insights. This article first provides a horizontal introduction to the forces behind LoRaWAN and its network deployment situation, and then offers a vertical explanation of … Read more