Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) is a magnetic resonance technique derived from the magnetic moment of unpaired electrons. It can be used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect unpaired electrons contained in the atoms or molecules of substances, as well as to explore the structural characteristics of their surrounding environment. For free radicals, the orbital magnetic moment … Read more
Continuing from the previous article, this section will further introduce the types of free radicals.The Ohio State UniversityNagibresearch team summarized the polarities ofnitrogen-substituted carbon-centered free radicals, aryl free radicals, and aromatic compounds with multiple heteroatom substitutions, as well as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur-substituted aryl free radicals.The polarity of nitrogen-substituted carbon-centered free radicals is shown in … Read more
The polarity of free radical intermediates has a profound impact on their reactivity and selectivity. To quantify this effect and predict its outcomes, the Nagib research group at Ohio State University calculated the electrophilicity/nucleophilicity of over 500 types of free radicals. The figure also includes a simple “rule of thumb” for qualitatively predicting free radical … Read more
Continuing from the previous article, this section will further introduce the types of radicals.The research team from Ohio State UniversityNagibhas summarized the polarity of carbon-centered radicals and oxygen-substituted carbon-centered radicals. Carbon-centered radicals:The table below1lists the polarities of various aliphatic radicals.All of these alkyl radicals are more nucleophilic than hydrogen (<2 eV), but key trends can … Read more