I often use ZYNQ, and I access FPGA registers through Linux. Recently, I experimented with the Xilinx XC7K325 development board KC705, which is a pure FPGA without ARM. So how do we access FPGA registers? I2C transmits one byte and responds each time, without the need for an additional feedback mechanism; SPI sends and receives … Read more
Introduction The development of UART has matured significantly, and it is generally sufficient to directly port the 8250 driver. For example, the UART driver for Rockchip directly uses “snps,dw-apb-uart”, which corresponds to <span>Linux-4.9.88/drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_dw.c</span> driver. uart1: serial@ff190000 { compatible = "rockchip,rk3368-uart", "snps,dw-apb-uart"; reg = <0x0 0xff190000 0x0 0x100>; clock-frequency = <24000000>; clocks = <&cru SCLK_UART1>, <&cru … Read more
Recently, a reader asked a question: What communication technologies should one master when working with microcontrollers?With the development of technology, there are more and more communication technologies, but in the embedded field, the common communication technologies are actually not many, such as UART, I²C, SPI, CAN, USB, and TCP/IP, which are the most common.These communication … Read more
Introduction First of all, the serial port is an essential tool for anyone involved in hardware and embedded software, especially for debugging systems with MCUs or CPUs. During the debugging process, the first thing we usually do is to light up a GPIO. This has been covered in our previous content. From schematic PCB to … Read more
01Serial CommunicationSerial Port:The serial port, also known asserial communicationinterface orserial communication interface(usually referring toCOM port), is anexpansion interface that uses serial communication.USB (Universal Serial Bus)is a serial portbus standardand also atechnical specification for input and output interfacesthat is widely used inpersonal computersandmobile devicesand has expanded tophotographic equipment,digital televisions(set-top boxes),game consolesand other related fields.Serial communication: Refers … Read more
1. Experimental Task Task: Based on the STEP-MAX10M08 core board and STEP BaseBoard V4.0 baseboard, complete the design of a serial port monitoring system and observe the debugging results. Requirements: Design a serial port monitoring system to monitor the serial port (UART) receiving data in real-time and display the data on the baseboard’s 8-digit digital … Read more
The three low-speed communication protocols IIC, SPI, and UART are widely used in our actual designs. Common communications between various ICs and between PCBs and external serial ports often utilize these protocols. Today, we will specifically share the similarities and differences among these three low-speed communication methods. Communication Name SPI IIC UART Synchronization/Asynchronous Communication Synchronization … Read more
Background Introduction In embedded systems, UART serial ports are commonly used for debugging and communication. Typically, there are no specific requirements for the baud rate of the debugging serial port, with a common configuration being 115200 8N1. Besides debugging, UART serial ports can also serve as data communication interfaces for interconnecting with other boards or … Read more
In the process of microcontroller development, debugging is an indispensable step, and the interface serves as a bridge connecting the development environment with the target microcontroller. For engineers, to achieve excellent microcontroller debugging, it is essential to understand and master various interfaces. Below, we will list the interfaces used in microcontroller debugging. 1. JTAG Interface … Read more
OpenOCD (Open On-Chip Debugger) is a powerful open-source project that provides in-chip programming and debugging support for embedded systems. It supports various JTAG interfaces and target chips, and its rich features make it an essential tool for embedded developers. This article will delve into the functionalities, usage, installation, and configuration of OpenOCD, revealing the technical … Read more