STM32: Released by STMicroelectronics on June 11, 2007, it is a 32-bit microcontroller. GD32: Released by GigaDevice in 2013, it closely imitates STM32 in chip development, configuration, and naming. In fact, the GPIO pins are pin-to-pin compatible with STM32, meaning you can use GD32 without altering the PCB. Sometimes, you can run STM32 source code … Read more
Introduction to STM32 GPIO GPIO stands for General Purpose Input/Output ports, which are pins that can be controlled by the STM32. GPIO pins connect to external hardware devices, enabling communication with external devices, controlling external hardware, or collecting data from external hardware. Taking the STM32F103ZET6 chip as an example, this chip has a total of … Read more
Have you ever wondered why software can control hardware? This article analyzes how the STM32 microcontroller combines software and hardware and how the microcontroller program is compiled and executed. Software and Hardware Integration Beginners often have a question: why can software control hardware? Just like the 51 microcontroller, why can we output high and low … Read more
Friends who have worked with microcontroller products know that the STM32 chip has multiple VDD and VSS pins, as shown in the figure below: So why are there so many pins? Wouldn’t it be better to have fewer? Fewer pins make PCB routing easier. Actually, there are reasons for the chip being designed this way. … Read more
For STM32, from previous learning, we can know that STM32 refers to the 32-bit microcontroller developed by STMicroelectronics. Today we will learn about the EXTI of STM32. 1. Introduction to EXTI EXTI (External interrupt/event controller) manages the 20 interrupt or event lines of the controller. Each interrupt or event line corresponds to an edge detector, … Read more
Click the blue text above: IoT Inn Serial communication plays a very important role in embedded development. It is often used to debug systems, print necessary debugging information, and help us analyze and locate problems. Many common peripherals also support serial protocols, such as WIFI modules, Bluetooth modules, 4G modules, fingerprint modules, PM2.5 sensors, formaldehyde … Read more
1. Introduction Previously, we tested the input voltage characteristics of the ports in the STC32C030 microcontroller. A signal source DG1062 was used to generate a peak 10V sine AC signal. It can be observed that the voltage at the microcontroller’s IO port is limited to around 9V. So what are the specific characteristics of the … Read more
Electronics Association Maker Lab SPI stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus widely used in communication with ADCs, LCDs, and other devices connected to MCUs, characterized by its speed. SPI Protocol Like IIC and serial ports, SPI also has its communication protocol, which is generally learned in a layered … Read more
Foreword Most of us fall into a misconception while learning STM32 — we focus solely on the software code and neglect the hardware aspect. In simple terms, we only know how to use the development board, and when it comes to designing our own STM32 system, we are at a loss. This article aims to … Read more
Little Science Gas Station In embedded learning, the STM32 series chips are particularly favored due to their many excellent features, such as the STM32 MCU integrating a wealth of peripherals, including communication interfaces (like UART, SPI, I2C, CAN, etc.), analog and digital interfaces, timers, and interrupt controllers. Today, Little Science introduces the interrupt system of … Read more