Introduction to STM32 GPIO GPIO stands for General Purpose Input/Output ports, which are pins that can be controlled by the STM32. GPIO pins connect to external hardware devices, enabling communication with external devices, controlling external hardware, or collecting data from external hardware. Taking the STM32F103ZET6 chip as an example, this chip has a total of … Read more
Friends who have worked with microcontroller products know that the STM32 chip has multiple VDD and VSS pins, as shown in the figure below: So why are there so many pins? Wouldn’t it be better to have fewer? Fewer pins make PCB routing easier. Actually, there are reasons for the chip being designed this way. … Read more
1. Introduction Previously, we tested the input voltage characteristics of the ports in the STC32C030 microcontroller. A signal source DG1062 was used to generate a peak 10V sine AC signal. It can be observed that the voltage at the microcontroller’s IO port is limited to around 9V. So what are the specific characteristics of the … Read more
Electronics Association Maker Lab SPI stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus widely used in communication with ADCs, LCDs, and other devices connected to MCUs, characterized by its speed. SPI Protocol Like IIC and serial ports, SPI also has its communication protocol, which is generally learned in a layered … Read more
The LCD TV has a black screen, and the backlight is not lit. If you shine a flashlight on it, you can see that the screen is displaying images normally. This indicates that the LCD panel is not damaged, providing the necessary conditions for repair. Remove the backlight from the LCD panel. At this point, … Read more
As the importance of screens in electronic products increases, companies are investing more in display technology. Currently, the three most promising screen technologies are PMOLED, OLED, and AMOLED. Taking smartphones as an example, the mainstream display device is still liquid crystal panels, but the new AMOLED technology has already been used in many high-end smartphones. … Read more
The writing difficulty of this article on LCD screens, although it sounds a bit difficult, don’t worry, we have already cried and revised it N times… First let’s tackle a physics question from the past, “The commonly used CRT （Cathode Ray Tube）monitor works by using an electron gun to emit electrons, which bombard the fluorescent … Read more
1. Display Devices Currently, the display products on the market mainly include: Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) displays and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). Cathode Ray Tube (Old TV) CRT displays are scientifically named “Cathode Ray Tube”, which is a type of display that uses a cathode ray tube. It mainly consists of five parts: electron gun, … Read more
The Discovery of Liquid Crystals Liquid crystals were first discovered by Austrian botanist Friedrich Reinitzer in 1888. While determining the melting point of organic substances, he found that certain organic compounds (cholesterol benzoate and acetate) would melt into an opaque, white, cloudy liquid state, emitting a colorful and beautiful pearlescent sheen, and only became a … Read more
Recently, the microcontroller enthusiast has been researching how to use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to replace the dot timing method to optimize kinematics experiments. Initially, self-flashing LEDs were used, but due to the equal duration of the flashing and dimming, noticeable motion blur was produced. To avoid motion blur, the enthusiast used the ESP32 development board … Read more